西南喀斯特关键带结构及其水文过程研究进展

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202404.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国西南地区是世界上喀斯特出露面积最大的区域,也是长江和珠江上游重要的生态安全屏障区。区别于非喀斯特关键带,由溶蚀性孔隙网络结构交织而成的表层岩溶带是喀斯特关键带的核心区,水则是参与和联系关键带内部物质循环、能量流动过程最活跃的因子。本文从关键带结构刻画、土壤-表层岩溶带系统水文过程以及模型模拟3方面回顾和总结了西南喀斯特地区开展的相关研究以及存在的问题,并对潜在的研究热点进行了展望。多尺度、多方法综合观测以及多学科交叉是开展系列研究的主要途径,精准刻画植被-土壤-表层岩溶带耦合系统的生态水文过程是未来研究的主要趋势和重点。本文旨在为深化喀斯特关键带水文过程研究和区域水文水资源管理提供科学参考。

关键词: 喀斯特关键带, 表层岩溶带, 氢氧稳定同位素, 基岩水分, 降雨-径流阈值行为, 渗透系数

Abstract: The southwestern region of China is the largest exposed karst area in the world and serves as an important ecological security barrier for the upstream of Yangtze River and Pearl River. Different from the critical zone of non-karst areas, the epikarst, formed by an interwoven network of denudation pores, is the core area of karst critical zone. Water is the most active component that participates in internal material cycle and energy flow within the critical zone. We reviewed relevant research conducted in the southwestern region from three aspects: the characte-rization of critical zone structure, the hydrological processes of soil-epikarst system, and their model simulations. We further proposed potential research hotpots. The main approach involved multi-scale and multi-method integrated observations, as well as interdisciplinary collaboration. Precisely characterizing the eco-hydrological processes of the vegetation-soil-epikarst coupling system was a new trend in the future research. This review would provide scientific reference for further studies on hydrological processes in critical zones and regional hydrological water resource management in karst areas.

Key words: Karst critical zone, epikarst, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, rock moisture, rainfall-runoff threshold behavior, permeability coefficient

张君, 陈洪松, 聂云鹏, 付智勇, 连晋姣, 王发, 罗紫东, 王克林. 西南喀斯特关键带结构及其水文过程研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(4): 985-996.

ZHANG Jun, CHEN Hongsong, NIE Yunpeng, FU Zhiyong, LIAN Jinjiao, WANG Fa, LUO Zidong, WANG Kelin. Research progress on structure and hydrological processes in the karst critical zone of southwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(4): 985-996.

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