两种除草剂对棉田节肢动物群落多样性指数的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 系统地研究了棉田地面和棉株节肢动物群落及各亚群落施用克无踪(A)、高盖(B)与对照(CK)之间在群落生物多样性、丰富度和均匀度的差异.结果表明,对地面肉食动物群落生物多样性(H′)的A-CK的t值为3.099,B-CK的t值为2.449,t＞t_0.05=2.228,差异显著;地面植食动物亚群落的(H′)A-CK的t值为2.377,A-B为2.260,t＞t_0.05=2.228,差异均显著.棉株节肢动物群落及亚群落A-CK、B-CK和A-B之间差异不显著.地面节肢动物亚群落丰富度A-CK的t值为4.759,地面植食类节肢动物亚群落为4.359,地面肉食节肢动物亚群落为2.963,均t＞t0.0=2.228,表明A与CK之间差异显著;在均匀度上,A和B及A-CK、B与CK之间两类群落及亚群落上差异均不显著.A和B对棉株节肢动物群落影响很小.施用A和B及CK的生物多样性的变化总趋势一致.

关键词: 棉田, 除草剂, 节肢动物群落, 多样性指数

Abstract: This paper studied the differences of the diversity,abundance and evenness of arthropod community and sub community in cotton field among treatments haloxyfor k (A),paraquat (B) and contrast (CK).The results showed that in the diversity of phytophagous sub community, t_A-CK =3.099 and t_B-CK =2.449 (t>t_0.05 =2.228),the difference being significant,and in the diversity of predatory sub community, t_A-B =2.260 and t_A-CK =2.377 (t>t_0.05 =2 228),the difference being also significant.In the arthropod community and sub community,no significant difference was found for A-CK,B-CK and A-B.The abundance of arthropod community t_A-CK =4.359,and that of phytophagous sub community t_A-CK =2.963,the effect being all significant (t>t_0.05 =2 228).No significant difference was found in the evenness of arthropod community and sub community for A B,A CK and B CK.The biodiversity had the same change trend for treatments haloxyfor R (A) paraquat (B) and contrast (CK).

Key words: Cotton field, Herbicide, Arthropod community, Diversity index

中图分类号:

Q958.11

王向阳, 邹运鼎, 孟庆雷, 章炳旺, 代海敏. 两种除草剂对棉田节肢动物群落多样性指数的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(3): 514-518.

WANG Xiangyang, ZOU Yun ding, MENG Qinglei, ZHANG Bingwang . Effects of herbicides on diversity indices of cotton field arthropod community.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(3): 514-518.

参考文献

[1] Buntin GD, Hargrove WL, Mccracken DV. 1995. Population of foliage-inhabiting arthropods on soybean with reduced tillage and herbicide USE. Agron J, 87(5):789～794
[2] Cheng HH, Hanlon JJ. 1988. Residual activity of insecticides applied on tobacco for green peach aphid control. Tob Sci,32:9～12
[3] Ding Y-Q(丁岩钦). 1994. Entomo-mathematical Ecology. Beijing:Science Press. 437～447(in Chinese)
[4] Gao B-J(高宝嘉),Zhang Z-Z(张执中),Li Z-Y(李镇宇),et al.1992. Studied on the influence of the closed forest on the structure diversity and stability ofinsect community.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),12(1):1～7(in Chinese)
[5] Geng J-H(耿金虎),Shen Z-R(沈佐锐).2003.Biodiversityinfield ecosystems and integrated pest management. Plant Prot Technol Ext(植保技术与推广),23(11):30～32(in Chinese)
[6] Han B-Y(韩宝瑜),Jiang C-J(江昌俊),Li Z-M(李卓民),et al.2001. Components of arthropod communities in tea gardens With four different cultivation types.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),21(4):646～652 (in Chinese)
[7] Haynes KY. 1988. Sublethal effects of neurotoxic insecticides on insect behavior. Ann Rev Ent, 33:149～155
[8] Hou Y-M(侯有明),Pang X-F(庞雄飞),Liang G-W(梁广文),et al. 2001. Effect of chemical insecticides on the diversity of arthropodsin vegetablefields.ActaEcolSin(生态学报),21(8):1262～1268(in Chinese)
[9] Jin C-X(金翠霞),Wu Y(吴亚),Wang D-L(王冬兰).1990.Diversity of arthropod communities in paddy fields.Acta Ent Sin(昆虫学报),33(3):287～295(in Chinese)
[10] Jin C-X(金翠霞),Wu Y(吴亚).1981.A study on the measurements of community diversity and their application. Acta Ent Sin (昆虫学报),24(1):28～33(in Chinese)
[11] Luo Z-Y(罗志义).1982.Diversity analysis of arthropoda community in cotton fields ot Sheshan districted and diversity effect made byinseticides.Acta Ecol Sin(生态学报),2(3):255～266(in Chinese)
[12] Miao Y(缪勇),Zou Y-D(邹运鼎),Sun S-J(孙善教),et al.2002. Dynamics of predatory natural enemy community in cotton fields.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(11):1437～1440(in Chinese)
[13] Pang X-F(庞雄飞),Zhang M-X(张茂新),Hou Y-M(侯有明),et al. 2000. Evaluation of plant protectants against pest insects. Chin J ApplEcol(应用生态学报),11(1):108～110(in Chinese)
[14] Risch SJ, Andow DA, Altier I. 1983. Agroecosysten diversity and pest control:Data tentative conclusions and new research directions. Environ Ent, 12:625～629
[15] Root RB. 1973. Organization of plant-arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats:The fauna of collards(Brassicaol-eracea).Ecol Monogr, 43:95～124
[16] Salas J. 1992. Integrated pest-management program for tomato crops, Lara state, Venezuela. Acta Hort, 301:199～203
[17] Su S-Q(苏少泉).1999.The recent status of herbicide development.Pesticides(农药),38(10):11～15(in Chinese)
[18] Tang Q-Y(唐启义),Feng M-G(冯明光).2002.DPS Data Processing System for Practical Ststistics. Beijing:Science Press. 235～238 (in Chinese)
[19] Thomas CFG, Hol EAA, Everts JW. 1990. Modeling the diffusion component of dispersal during recovery of a population of linyphiid spiders from exposure to an insecticide. Funct Eld, 4:357～360
[20] Tu H-L(涂鹤龄).2001.Development in research and controlling of weeds in the fields of China.Pesticides(农药),40(3):1～3(in Chinese)
[21] Wan F-H(万方浩),Chen C-M(陈常铭).1986.Studies on the structure of the rice pest-natural enemy community and diversity underIPM area and chemicalcontrol area.ActaEcol Sin(生态学报),6(2):159～170(in Chinese)
[22] Wang J-G(王敬国).2001.Utilization and Pollution Control of Agricultural Chemical Material. Beijing:Beijing Press. 177～195 (in Chinese)
[23] WangX-Y(王向阳),Wang S-J(王顺建),SongA-Y(宋爱颖),et al. 2002. Effect of herbicide on the population dynamics of arthropod species in cotton field.J Anhui Agric Univ(安徽农业大学学报),29(4):350～354(in Chinese)
[24] Wu C-H(吴春华),Chen X(陈欣).2004.Impact of pesticides on biodiversity in agricultural areas.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),15(2):341～344(in Chinese)
[25] Wu H-Z(巫厚长),Cheng X-N(程遐年),Wei C-S(魏重生),et al. 2004. Effects of imidacloprid on arthropod community structure in tobacco field.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),15(1):95～98(in Chinese)
[26] Wu H-Z(巫厚长),Cheng X-N(程遐年),Zou Y-D(邹运鼎).1999. Dynamics of arthropod populations on different varieties of Nicotiana tabacum.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),10(4):452～456(in Chinese)
[27] Yardim EN, Edwards CA. 1998. The influence of chemical management of pests, diseases and weeds on pest and predatory arthropods associated with tomatoes. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 70 (1):31～48
[28] Zou Y-D(邹运鼎),Bi S-D(毕守东),Zhou X-Z(周夏芝),et al.2003. Dynamics of the pest and natural enemy communities in peach orchards.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(5):717～720(in Chinese)