关键词: 小麦, 增铵营养, 生育时期, 生长, 氮素利用

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in 1998～2000 to investigate the effects of EAN applied at different growth stages (basal,tillering,jointing,booting and whole growth stage) on wheat growth and nitrogen utilization.Compared with single NO₃^-,EAN as basal fertilizer,tillering dressing and jointing dressing promoted dry matter and nitrogen accumulation after heading,LAI at booting stage,and chlorophyll content of wheat.Grain yield was also increased significantly.Nevertheless,there was no obvious promoting effect of EAN at booting dressing.No significant response of plant growth under EAN was observed over whole growth stage,compared with EAN at early stages,indicating that EAN after jointing was not effective to increase nitrogen utilization and wheat growth.But,it was more effective on decreasing N leaching than other EAN treatments.All EAN treatments increased nitrogen flow efficiency (NFE) and nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE),compared with single NO₃^-,but EAN treatments before jointing had significant effects on increasing nitrogen utilization.Besides these,EAN as jointing dressing improved the leaf photosynthetic characteristics during the late developmental stage and the remobilization of dry matter to grain,while EAN as basal fertilizer and tillering dressing was more related to increased tillering.

Key words: Wheat, Enhanced ammonium nutrition(EAN), Growth stage, Growth response, Nitrogen utilization