日本中部10种树木叶片中氮和磷的季节变化及其转移

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从叶完全展开到生长季结束,对常绿阔叶树种日本米槠、具柄冬青、铁冬青、红楠和海桐及落叶阔叶树种木包栎、栓皮栎、日本朴、银杏和日本树五加的叶N和P含量进行了测定.结果表明,在整个生长季中,常绿阔叶树种中的日本米槠和铁冬青的新叶和老叶的N和P含量呈现初期高、中期较低、后期上升的趋势;具柄冬青和海桐新叶的N和P含量的变化趋势与日本米槠和铁冬青相似,而其老叶的N和P含量随季节推移而逐渐下降;红楠新叶和老叶的N含量呈现上升的趋势,其新叶和老叶的P含量则呈下降趋势;落叶阔叶树种的叶N和P含量随着时间的推移不断减少.各树种的N转移率为43%～75%,P为62%～84%.常绿阔叶树种的N平均转移率与落叶阔叶树种相似,而其P平均转移率大于落叶阔叶树种.所有树种的N平均转移率小于P平均转移率.

Abstract: The leaves of evergreen broadleaved Quercus cuspidata,Ilex pedunculosa,Ilex rotunda,Machilus thunbergii,Pittosporum tobira and deciduous broadleaved Quercus serrata,Quercus variabilis,Celtis sinensis,Ginkgo biloba, and Evodiopanax innovans were collected from the time of full leaf expansion to the end of growing season to describe the seasonal contents of N and P patterns in leaves of these species. The Nand Pcontents in new and old leaves of evergreen Quercus cuspidata and Ilex rotunda had high levels in initial stage,low levels in medium stage,and increased in later stage. The seasonal changes of the Nand Pcontents in new leaves of evergreen Ilex pedunculosa and Pittosporum tobira were similar to those of Quercus cuspidata and Ilex rotunda,whereas in old leaves of the two species,they tended to decline with time.The N content in new and old leaves of Machilus thunbergii tended to increase,whereas their Pcontent tended to decrease. The N and P contents in leaves of deciduous species decreased during the growing season.The N translocation efficiency for all species ranged from 43～75%,whereas their Ptranslocation efficiency ranged from 62～84%.The N translocation efficiency in evergreen broadleaved species was similar to that in deciduous broadleaved species,whereas the Ptranslocation efficiency was higher than the latter. The mean N retranslocation efficiency for all species was higher than mean P retranslocation efficiency.

中图分类号:

S718.5

薛立, 罗山, 谭天泳. 日本中部10种树木叶片中氮和磷的季节变化及其转移[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (6): 875-878.

XUE Li, LUO Shan, TAN Tianyong. Seasonal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus and their translocation from leaves of ten tree species in central Japan[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (6): 875-878.

参考文献

[1] Aerts R. 1990. Nutrient use efficiency in evergreen and deciduousspecies from heathlands. Oecologia, 84:391～397
[2] Aerts R. 1996. Nutrient resorption from senescing leaves of perennials: Are there general pattern? J Ecol, 84: 597～608
[3] Arco JM, Escudero A, Garrido MV. 1991. Effects of site character istics on nitrogen retranslocation from senescing leaves. Ecology,72:701～708
[4] Bockheim JG, Leide JE. 1991. Foliar nutrient dynamics and nutrient -use efficiency of oak and pine on a low -fertility soil in Wisconsin. Can J For Res, 21: 925～934
[5] Chabot BF, Hicks DJ. 1982. The ecology of leaf life spans. Ann Rev Ecol Syst, 13:229～259
[6] Chapin Ⅲ FS. 1980. The mineral nutrition of wild plants. Ann Rev Ecol Syst, 11:233～260
[7] Chapin Ⅲ FS, Kedrowski RA. 1983.Seasonal changes in nitrogen and phosphorus fractions and autumn retranslocation in evergreenand deciduous taiga trees. Ecology, 64: 376～391
[8] Chapin Ⅲ FS, Moilanen L. 1991. Nutritional controls over nitrogen and phosphorus resorption from Alaskan birch leaves. F cology, 72: 709～715.
[9] Helmisaari HS. 1992. Nutrient retranslocation within the foliage of Pinus sylvestris. Tree Physiol, 10: 45～58
[10] Jonasson S, Chapin Ⅲ FS. 1985. Significance of sequential leaf de velopment for nutrient balance of the cottonsedge, Eriophorum vaginatum L. Oecologia, 67 (5): 511～518
[11] Killingbeck KT. 1996. Nutrients in senesced leaves: Keys to the search for potential resorption and resorption proficiency. Ecology, 77: 1716～1727
[12] Lamber H, Chapin FS, Pons TL. 1998. Plant Physiological Ecolo-gy. New York: Springer-Verlag. 540.
[13] Li Z-A(李志安),Lin Y-B(林永标),Peng S-L(彭少麟).2000Nutrient content in litterfall and its translocation in plantation forests in south China.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),11(3):321～326(in Chinese)
[14] Lim MT, Cousens JE. 1986. The internal transfer of nutrients in a scots pine stand 2. The pattern of transfer and the effects of nitrogen availability. Forestry, 59: 17～27
[15] Luxmoore RJ, Grizzard T, Strand RH. 1981. Nutrient translocation in the outer canopy and understory of an eastern deciduous forest. For Sci,27 :505～518
[16] Ostman NL, Weaver GT. 1982. Autumnal nutrient transfers by re translocation, leaching, and litter fall in a chestnut oak forest in southern Illinois. Can J For Res, 12: 40～51
[17] Pugnaire FI, Chapin Ⅲ FS. 1993. Controls over nutrient resorption from leaves of evergreen mediterranean species. Ecology, 74:124～129
[18] Ryan DF, Bormann FH. 1982. Nutrient resorption in northern hard wood forests. BioScience , 32: 29～32
[19] Sabate S, Sala A, Gracia CA. 1995. Nutrient content in Quercus ilex canopies: Seasonal and spatial variation within a catchment. Plant Soil, 168～169:297～304
[20] Santa Regina I, Leonardi S, Rapp M. 2001. Foliar nutrient dynam ics and nutrient -use efficiency in Castanea sativa coppice stands of southern Europe. Forestry, 74:1～10
[21] Shen S-M(沈善敏),Yu W-T(宇万太),Zhang L(张璐).1992. Internal and external nutrient cyclings of poplar tree Ⅰ Changes of nutrient storage in different parts of poplartree before and afterleaf fallen.CHin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),3(4):296～301(inChinese)
[22] Shen SM(沈善敏),YU W-T(宇万太),Zhang L(张璐).1993.Internal and external nutrient cyclings of poplar tree Ⅱ Transferring and cycling of nutrients in and out ofthetrees before and afterleaffallen.Chin J ApplEcol(应用生态学报),4(1):27～31(in Chinese)
[23] Sun S-C(孙书存),Chen L-Z(陈灵芝).2001.Leaf nutrient dy namics and resorption efficiency of Quercus liaotungensis in the Dongling mountain region.Acta Phytoexo Sin(植物生态学报),25 (1): 76～82 (in Chinese)
[24] Tyrrell LE, Boerner REJ. 1987. Larix laricina and Picea mari aha: Relationships among leaf-span, foliar nutrient patterns, nutrient conservation, and growth efficiency. Can J Bot, 65: 1570～1577
[25] Vitousek PM. 1982. Nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency.Am Nat, 119:553～572
[26] Woodwell GM. 1974. Variation in the nutrient content of leaves ofQuercus alba, Quercus coccinea, and Pinus rigida in the brookhaven forest from bud-break to abscission. Amer J Bot, 61: 749～753
[27] Xu F-Y(徐福余), Wang L-H(王力华), Li P-Z(李培芝). 1997. Internal and external nutrient transfers in foliage of some north deciduous trees Ⅰ. Changes of nutrient contents and contents. Chhin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 8(1): 1～6(in Chinese)
[28] Xue L, Luo S. 2002. Seasonal changes in the nutrient concentrations of leaves and leaf litter, and nutrient resorption in a Cryptomeria japonica stand. Scand J For Res, 17: 495～500