Effect of different tillage methods on rice growth and soil ecology

Abstract

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in double-cropping rice field in South China during 1998～1999 to study the effect of different tillage methods on rice growth and soil ecology. The results showed that with rice scattering planting, no-tillage method caused a reduction of rice tillering, effective panicle, and filled grains of rice. Grain yield under no-tillage was 13.40% lower than that under conventional tillage,and the economic benefits decreased by 10.9%. Soil analysis showed that in no-tillage fields, soil bulk density and hardness were increased, soil porosity and available P and K were decreased,the amount of actinomyces and fungi was reduced,while that of soil bacteria was increased, and the enzyme activity was promoted. Minimum tillage and conventional tillage had similar soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity. Minimum tillage could produce a 2.1% higher grain yield than conventional tillage, and increase the economic benefits by 11.0%.

Key words: Double-cropping rice, Scattering planting, Tillage method, Grain yield, Economic benefits

CLC Number:

LI Huaxing, LU Weisheng, LIU Yuanjin, ZHANG Xinming . Effect of different tillage methods on rice growth and soil ecology[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2001, (4): 553-556.

References

[1] Chen H-K(陈华葵),Li F-D(李阜棣),Chen W-X(陈文新).1981.Soil Microbiology. Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press.180～231(in Chinese)
[2] Chen Y-R(陈友荣),Hou R-Z(侯任昭),Guan R-Q(关日强)1993. Studies on the no-tillage method in rice cultivation and its physiological and ecological effects. J South China Agric Uni(华南农业大学学报),14(2):10～17(in Chinese)
[3] Dai Z-Y(戴志一),Yang Y-Z(杨益众),Huang D-L(黄东林)1993. Spatial pattern of Echinocnemus sqauameus and tillage impact.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),
[4](1):47～52(in Chinese)4.Guan S-Y(关松荫).1986. Soil Enzyme and Its Research Methods.Beijing:Agricultural Press. 275～323(in Chinese)
[5] Hou R-Z(侯任昭),Guan R-Q(关日强),Chen Y-R(陈友荣)1994. Progress of the research on the reduced-tillage broadcast sowingtechnique in rice cultivation and its physiological and ecological characters. J South China Agric Univ(华南农业大学学报),15(1):109-114(in Chinese)
[6] Huang Q(黄庆),Li K-H(李康活),Liu H-Z(刘怀珍)et al. 1997.Preliminary study on disposal methods on no-tillage paddy field and notillage experiment. Guangdong Agric Sci(广东农业科学),(3):6～7(in Chinese)
[7] Hur BK, Kang HW, Lee CW. 1993. Study on the establishment of criteria for minimum tillage in relation to paddy soil properties 1. Siltyclay field. RDA J Agric Sci Soil Fert, 35(1):252～263(in Korean)
[8] Jing G-F(荆国芳),Wei Z-D(韦珍棣),Chen H-X(陈恒喜).1996.Effect of chlorsulfuron residue on paddy rice growth. Rural Eco-Environ(农村生态环境),12(3):24～26(in Chinese)
[9] Lee JS, Jung YT, Lee JS et al. 1993. Rice growth and soil propertiesas affected by tillage methods on direct-sown rice. RDA J Agric SciSoil Fert, 35(1):264～269(in Korean)
[10] Lee SS, Hong SB and Back JH. 1991. Nitrogen level in tillage and notillage systems in direct-sown rice. Korean J Crop Sci, 36(2):160～165(in Korean)
[11] Li H-X(李华兴),Chen J-X(陈金祥),Li Y-B(黎元炳)et al.1993.Study on selection of soil available phosphorus and potassium test extractants for main paddy soils in Guangdong. Tropical and SubtropicalSoil Sci(热带亚热带土壤科学),2(2):106～109
[12] Li K-H(李康活),Huang Q(黄庆),Lu X-M(陆秀明)et al.1997.Preliminary study on no-tillage and scattering planting in double ricefield. Guangdong Agric Sci(广东农业科学),(3):2～5(in Chinese)
[13] Liu S-P(刘世平),Shen X-P(沈新平),Huang X-X(黄细喜).1996.The characteristics of soil fertility and rice absorbed nitrogen in longterm minimum or no tillage. Chin J Soil Sci(土壤通报),27(3):133～135(in Chinese)
[14] Luo Y-P(罗永藩).1991. Popularization and application of no-tillageand minimum tillage technology and its prospect in China. Tillage andCult(耕作与栽培),(2):1～7(in Chinese)
[15] Nanjing Institute of Soil Science of Academia Sinica(中国科学院南京土壤研究所).1978. Soil Physicochemical Property Analysis. Shang-hai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press. 82～84,273～278(inChinese)
[16] Shao D-S(邵达三),Huang X-X(黄细喜),Tao J-Y(陶嘉玉)1985. Study of minimum and no tillage on paddy soils in South China.Acta Pedol Sin(土壤学报),22(4):306～319(in Chinese)
[17] Shi D-M(施德明).1994. Dynamic analysis on nutrient in the water ofno-tillage paddy field. Soil and Fert(土壤肥料),(1):31～34(in Chinese)
[18] UI HE, Inayatullah C. 1990. Efficacy of insecticides against overwintering rice stem borer(SB)larvae. International-Rice-Research-Neusletter,15:4,31
[19] Wang ZP, Delaune RD, Masschelyn PH et al. 1993. Soil redox and pHeffects on methane production in a flooded rice soil. Soil Sci Soc Am J,57(2):382～385
[20] Wu G-G(吴国港),Pu L-F(朴莲粉),Xuan C-K(玄成奎).1985.Study on minimum tillage method on paddy soils:1. Effects of tillagemethods on soil physical character. Tillage and Cult(耕作与栽培),(3):15～18(in Chinese)
[21] Yu X-H(余晓鹤),Zhu P-L(朱培立),Huang D-M(黄东迈)1991. Effects of soil surface management on N mineralization potential, non-symbiotic N fixing intensity and ammonium N in a paddy soil.Sci Agric Sin(中国农业科学),24(1):73～79(in Chinese)