Effects of chlorobenzene stress on seedling growth and cell division of Vicia faba

Abstract

Abstract: Effects of 1, 2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) stress on seedling growth, cell division and chromosomal aberration frequency of root-tip cells of Vicia faba were studied. The results indicated that the growth of the root length and mitotic index of root tip cells were successively decreased and even stopped with the increase of TCBconcentrations and treatment duration. Numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations at metaphase and anaphase of root-tip cells in Vicia faba seedlings were produced by 50～300μg·g^-1TCBtreatment for 12～96h. The percentage of c-mitosis, chromosomal bridge and chromosomal asymmetry array in root tip cells exposed to 50～100μg·g^-1 TCB for 12～24h was up to 1.0～10.3%. The percentage of chromosomal stickiness (S), chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal breakage (S+B), chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal ring (S+R), chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal asymmetry array (S+A) and chromosomal stickiness + chromosomal bridge (S+Be) in root tip cells reached 47.9～88.9%, and 18.1～29.6% for different kinds of chromosomal breakage at 300μg·g^-1 TCB for 12～96h. Thus,the chromosomal aberration of root tip cells in Vicia faba seedlings could be used as a sensitive biomarker of monitoring soil contaminated with TCB.

Key words: 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene stress, Vicia faba, Chromosomal aberration, Mitosis, naturally restored grassland, sediment, erosion dyna-mics, loess hilly and gully region., runoff, ephemeral gully erosion

CLC Number:

X173

LIU Wan, ZHOU Qixing, LI Peijun, SUN Tieheng, TAI Peidong, XU Huaxia, ZHANG Chungui, ZHANG Hairong . Effects of chlorobenzene stress on seedling growth and cell division of Vicia faba[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (4): 585-588.

References

[1] Brusick DJ. 1986. Genotoxicity of hexachlorobenzene and other chlorinated benzenes.IARC Sci Publ,77:393～397
[2] Duan C-Q(段昌群), Wang H-X(王焕校).1995.Cytogenetical toxical effects of heavy metals on Vicia faba and inquires into the Vicia-micronucleus.Acta Bot Sin(植物学报),37(1):14～24(in Chinese)
[3] de Kergommesaux DJ.1983.Clastogenic and physiological response of chromosome to nine pesticides in the Vicia faba in vivo root tip assay system.Mutation Res,124:69～84
[4] Grant WF, Owens ET.1998.Chromosomal aberrations assays in Crepis for the study of environmental mutagens.Mutation Res,410(3):291～307
[5] Gan P(甘平),Zhu T-T(朱婷婷). 2000. Biodegradation of chlorobenzenes-A review.Techn Equip Environ Pollu Control(环境污染治理技术与设备), 1(4): 1～12(in Chinese)
[6] Hartwell L H.1989. Checkpoints: Controls that ensure the order of cell cycle events.Science,246:629～633
[7] Jiang W, Liu D. 2000. Effects of Pb2+ on root growth, cell division and nucleolus of Zea mays L.Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,65:786～793
[8] Kong MS, Ma TH.1999.Genetoxicity of contaminated soil and shallow well water detected by plant bioassays.Mutation Res,426(2):221～228
[9] Li M-X(李懋学),Zhang Z-P(张赞平).1996. Crop Chromosomes and Their Study Technology. Beijing:China Agricultural Press.33～159(in Chinese)
[10] Nevzgodina LV, Akatov IuA, Arkhangel'skii VV. 1999. Chromosome aberrations as a bio-dosimetric test of space radiation(experimental data from the higher plants).Aviakosm Ekolog Med,33(2):42～44
[11] Paulovich AG. 1995. A checkpoint regulates the rate of progression through S phase to DNA damage.Cell,82:841～847
[12] Rieger R, Michaelis A, Green MM.1976.Trans.LU B-Z(吕宝忠),Zhou C-Y(周才一).1988. Glossary of Genetics and Cytogenetics. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press. 86～190 (in Chinese)
[13] Shahin SA, El-Amoodi KH. 1991. Induction of numerial chromosome aberrations during DNA synthesis using the fungicides nimrod and rubigan-4 in root tips of Vicia faba L.Mutation Res,261:169～176
[14] William FG.1999.Higher plant assays for the detection of chromosomal aberrations and gene mutatins-A brief historical background on their use for screening and monitoring environmental chemicals.Mutation Res,426:107～112
[15] Xiong Z-T(熊治廷). 2000. Environmental Biology. Wuhan:Wuhan University Press. 254～274 (in Chinese)
[16] Xia S-J(夏世钧). 2001. Molecular Toxicology Basis. Wuhan: Hubei Science and Technology Press. 99～251(in Chinese)
[17] Zhou Z-H(周振惠), Scheunert I, Clausen E.1986. Studies of the uptake, translocation and metabolism of organic chemicals in territorial ecosystem-Studies of 1, 2,4-trichlorobenzene-14C and Pentachlorobenzene-14C in celery (Lepidium sativum)-soil model ecosystem.China Environ Sci(中国环境科学), (2):30～35(in Chinese)
[18] Zapata-Gayon C, Zapata-Gayon N. 1982. Clastogenic chromosomal aberrations in 26 individuals accidentally exposed to ortho-dichlorobenzene vapors in the National Medical Center in Mexico City.Arch Environ Health,37(4): 231～235
[19] Zhang L-S(张丽珊). 1992. Purification effect of slow rate land treatment system on organic pollutants in municipal wastewater from west Shenyang. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),3(4): 355～363 (in Chinese)
[20] Zhou Q-X (周启星). 2000. Current situation of pollution eco-chemistry and its prospect. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),11(5): 795～798 (in Chinese)