Abstract: Taking the typical mobile dune in Horqin sandy land as test object, th e density, diameter, and coverage of Formica cunicularia mounds on different land forms were investigated by quadrate method, with the spatial distribution of F. cunicularia mounds and the effects of topography and soil property on F. cunicularia nest-building activities discussed. The results showed that the density of F. cunicularia mounds decreased in the order of ridge>leewar d slope>windward slope, while the diameter and coverage of the mounds were in t he order of ridge>windward slope>leeward slope and conditioned by mound densit y. The spatial distribution of F. cunicularia mounds was in random pattern. Topography and soil property co-affected the nest-building activities of F. cunicularia.

Key words: PROSPECT+SAIL model, biochemical parameter, vegetation index, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, cost function.