基于胃含物分析和稳定同位素技术研究鳀的摄食生态

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202106.029

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 2035-2044.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202106.029

• 稳定同位素生态学专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

基于胃含物分析和稳定同位素技术研究鳀的摄食生态

王静^1,3, 蒋日进², 胡翠林², 李哲², 肖祎^1,3, 许永久³, 贺舟挺², 徐汉祥^2*

¹浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所, 浙江舟山 316021;
²浙江省海洋水产研究所/农业农村部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站/浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室, 浙江舟山 316021;
³浙江海洋大学水产学院, 浙江舟山 316022

收稿日期:2020-12-31 接受日期:2021-04-09 发布日期:2021-12-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: hxxu@vip.sina.com
作者简介:王静, 女, 1996年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事渔业资源生态学研究。E-mail: 614286553@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900904,2020YFD0900805)、浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02056)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD43B01)资助

Feeding ecology of Engraulis japonicus based on stomach contents and stable isotope

WANG Jing^1,3, JIANG Ri-jin², HU Cui-lin², LI Zhe², XIAO Yi^1,3, XU Yong-jiu³, HE Zhou-ting², XU Han-xiang^2*

¹Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China;
²Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute/Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources of Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China;
³School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, China

Received:2020-12-31 Accepted:2021-04-09 Published:2021-12-15
Contact: * E-mail: hxxu@vip.sina.com
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0900904, 2020YFD0900805), the Special Fund for the Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province (2019C02056) and the National Science and Technology Support Program(2007BAD43B01).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鳀是重要的渔业资源捕捞对象,同时也是生态系统营养动力学研究的关键种。基于2020年和2008—2009年东海区采集的鳀样品,结合胃含物分析和肌肉碳、氮稳定同位素技术,分析了鳀的食物组成、食性昼夜差异、不同发育阶段的食性转变及其营养级,研究鳀的摄食生态。胃含物分析显示,鳀主要摄食浮游甲壳类和小型鱼类,优势饵料依次为太平洋磷虾[相对重要指数百分比(IRI)=87.6%,出现频率(F)=57.6%]、小拟哲水蚤(IRI=3.2%,F=15.3%)和细足法虫戎(IRI=2.1%,F=13.1%);同位素分析显示,桡足类是鳀的主要食物来源,其次是磷虾类,端足类的食源贡献率最小,不足1%。鳀食物组成昼夜差异明显,摄食强度白天比晚上高,下午最高,午夜最低;叉长90 mm是鳀食性转变的拐点,小于90 mm的鳀主要摄食浮游动物,大于90 mm的鳀主要摄食浮游动物,兼食小型鱼类。鳀的δ¹³C值范围为-21.66‰～-18.14‰,平均值为(-19.92±0.86)‰;δ¹⁵N值范围为4.07‰～10.78‰,平均值为(8.14±2.48)‰;鳀的δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N比值与叉长呈极显著正相关。基于胃含物分析的鳀营养级为3.4,基于δ¹⁵N稳定同位素的鳀营养级为2.7。本研究可为中上层小型鱼类在生态系统中的营养地位提供参考依据,为构建食物网营养通道提供基础资料。

关键词: 鳀, 胃含物分析, 稳定同位素, 摄食生态, 营养级

Abstract: Engraulis japonicus, an important fishery resource, is a key species in ecosystem trophodynamics studies. In this study, we examined stomach content of E. japonicusby stable isotope analyses, with samples collected from the East China Sea in 2008-2009 and 2020. The aim of this study was to demonstrate their diet composition, diel and ontogenetic changes in feeding habits and trophic level. Results of the stomach content analysis showed that E. japonicus mainly fed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish. The main prey species were Euphausia pacifica [index of relative importance (IRI)=87.6%; frequency(F)=57.6%], Paracalanus parvus (IRI=3.2%, F=15.3%), and Themisto gracilipes (IRI=2.1%, F=13.1%). Results of the stable isotope analysis showed that Copepoda were the main food source of E. japonicus, followed by Euphausiacea, and the contribution rate of Amphipoda was the least, which was less than 1%. There was significant diel change in diet composition. Feeding intensity was higher in the daytime than at night, with the highest in the dusk and the lowest at midnight. Ontogenetic change in feeding habit occurred when fork length reached 90 mm, over which the fish fed both zooplankton and small fishes. The δ¹³C of E. japonicus was between -21.66‰ and -18.14‰, with an average of (-19.92±0.86)‰. The δ¹⁵N of E. japonicus ranged from 4.07‰ to 10.78‰, with an average of (8.14±2.48)‰. Both δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values were positively correlated with fork length. Trophic level of the fish was 3.4 with stomach content analysis and 2.7 with stable isotope analysis. The results would provide important reference for understanding nutritional status of pelagic small fish, and offer some basic data to establish ecopath model.

Key words: Engraulis japonicus, stomach contents analysis, stable isotope analysis, feeding ecology, trophic level

王静, 蒋日进, 胡翠林, 李哲, 肖祎, 许永久, 贺舟挺, 徐汉祥. 基于胃含物分析和稳定同位素技术研究鳀的摄食生态[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(6): 2035-2044.

WANG Jing, JIANG Ri-jin, HU Cui-lin, LI Zhe, XIAO Yi, XU Yong-jiu, HE Zhou-ting, XU Han-xiang. Feeding ecology of Engraulis japonicus based on stomach contents and stable isotope[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(6): 2035-2044.

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基于胃含物分析和稳定同位素技术研究鳀的摄食生态

Feeding ecology of Engraulis japonicus based on stomach contents and stable isotope

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