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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1489-1496.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202206.010

• 稳定同位素生态学专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于稳定同位素的黄河三角洲盐碱地稻蟹种养系统中华绒螯蟹食物源分析

苗静1,2, 刘峰2*, 闫法军2, 李娴2, 董俊2, 朱永安2, 王新军3, 董晓亮4   

  1. 1上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;
    2山东省淡水渔业研究院, 济南 250013;
    3东营市惠泽农业科技有限公司, 山东东营 257091;
    4东营市一邦农业科技开发有限公司, 山东东营 257091
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-23 接受日期:2022-04-01 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-12-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: lf007001@163.com
  • 作者简介:苗 静, 女, 1996年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事水域环境生态学和中华绒螯蟹食物源研究。E-mail: 1241765209@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019YY002)、国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900405)和山东省自然科学基金(培养基金)项目(ZR2019PC018)资助。

Analysis of food sources of Eriocheir sinensis in rice-crab integrated ecosystem based on stable isotopes in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta

MIAO Jing1,2, LIU Feng2*, YAN Fa-jun2, LI Xian2, DONG Jun2, ZHU Yong-an2, WANG Xin-jun3, DONG Xiao-liang4   

  1. 1College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Ji’nan 250013, China;
    3Dongying Huize Agricultural Technology Co. Ltd., Dongying 257091, Shandong, China;
    4Dongying Yibang Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Dongying 257091, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-11-23 Accepted:2022-04-01 Online:2022-06-15 Published:2022-12-15

摘要: 为探讨盐碱地稻蟹种养系统中华绒螯蟹食物源构成,2020年6—10月,在山东东营垦利区,采集稻田中华绒螯蟹及其所有可能食物来源样品,包括植物(伊乐藻、菹草、金鱼藻、浮萍、水稻茎叶、稻谷)、动物(底栖动物、浮游动物)、有机碎屑和人工饲料(配合饲料、玉米粕),并利用碳、氮稳定同位素(δ13C和δ15N)值进行分析,定量其在中华绒螯蟹食物组成中的贡献率。结果表明: 食物源样品δ13C值范围为-30.09‰~-11.24‰,δ15N值范围为0.03‰~12.78‰,不同食物源δ13C和δ15N值呈现明显差异。中华绒螯蟹肌肉中δ13C值变化范围为-24.61‰~-20.08‰,δ15N值变化范围为4.74‰~9.21‰,表明稻蟹种养系统中华绒螯蟹食物来源较丰富。养殖期间各食源贡献率为植物(46.7%~57.1%)>动物(21.5%~24.5%)>人工饲料(10.9%~21.3%)>有机碎屑(7.1%~7.9%)。可见,盐碱地稻田系统天然饵料基本能够满足中华绒螯蟹摄食需求,即使本试验投喂非动物性人工饵料,也未改变中华绒螯蟹主要食源贡献率。

关键词: 盐碱地, 稻蟹种养系统, 稳定同位素, 中华绒螯蟹, 食物源

Abstract: To explore food composition of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) in rice-crab integrated ecosystem in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta, we analyzed carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in the crab and that in food sources, including plants (Elodea, Potamogeton crispus, Ceratophyllum demersum, Lemna minor, Oryza sativa stem and leaf, rice grain), animals (benthos, zooplankton), organic debris and artificial feed (compound feed, corn meal) in Kenli District, Dongying, Shandong Province in June to October of 2020. Substantial differences in δ13C and δ15N were found among food sources. The δ13C and δ15N values of different food sources were in a range of -30.09‰--11.24‰ and 0.03‰-12.78‰, respectively, while those of the crab muscle were in range of -24.61‰--20.08‰ and 4.74‰-9.21‰, respectively, indicating diverse food sources for the crab. During the experiment, the contribution rate of different food sources followed the order: plant (46.7%-57.1%)>animal (21.5%-24.5%)>artificial feed (10.9%-21.3%)>organic detritus (7.1%-7.9%). It suggested that the natural bait of the paddy field could meet the feeding needs of Chinese mitten crabs in saline-alkali land. Even the crabs were fed with non-animal artificial feed, the contribution rates of the main food sources were not altered.

Key words: saline-alkali land, rice-crab integrated ecosystem, stable isotope, Eriocheir sinensis, food source