2001—2020年川西北高原归一化植被指数演变特征及其对极端气候的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.020

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 1957-1965.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.020

2001—2020年川西北高原归一化植被指数演变特征及其对极端气候的响应

王鑫^1,2, 王明田^2,3, 冯勇⁴, 邹雨伽¹, 郭斌^4,5*

¹四川省农业气象中心, 成都 610072;
²南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室, 成都 610066;
³四川省气象台, 成都 610072;
⁴中国气象局成都高原气象研究所, 成都 610072;
⁵四川省阿坝州气象局, 四川马尔康 624000

收稿日期:2021-09-07 接受日期:2022-04-13 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2023-01-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: abgb_001@163.com
作者简介:王鑫, 女, 1981年生, 硕士研究生, 高级工程师。主要从事遥感与农业气象、气候变化与生态环境方面的研究与服务。E-mail: 99500803@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504903)、四川省科技计划项目(2021YFS0282)和高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(SCQXKJQN2020050,SCQXKJZD2020001,SCQXKJZD201805-10)资助。

Variation characteristics of normalized difference vegetation index in Northwestern Sichuan Plateau and its response to extreme climate during 2001-2020

WANG Xin^1,2, WANG Ming-tian^2,3, FENG Yong⁴, ZOU Yu-jia¹, GUO Bin^4,5*

¹Sichuan Province Agricultural Meteorological Center, Chengdu 610072, China;
²Sichuan Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Southern Hilly Areas, Chengdu 610066, China;
³Sichuan Meteorological Observatory, Chengdu 610072, China;
⁴Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610072, China;
⁵Meteorological Bureau of Aba, Maerkang 624000, Sichuan, China

Received:2021-09-07 Accepted:2022-04-13 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2023-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 川西北高原是典型的生态气候敏感区,其植被状况与气候变化密切相关。本研究基于2001—2020年MODIS-NDVI数据集和气象数据,采用最大值合成、地理探测器模型、线性趋势分析、相关分析等方法,研究川西北高原生长季归一化植被指数(NDVI)的变化趋势及其对气候因子的响应机制。结果表明: 研究期间,川西北高原植被覆盖度整体状况良好,86.8%的区域植被稳定,12.6%的区域NDVI呈弱持续性上升趋势,0.6%的区域NDVI呈下降趋势,全区生态环境呈稳中向好的发展趋势。研究区植被覆盖度空间差异大,总体呈由西南向东北上升的趋势,并有显著的立体变化。海拔1350 m以下,NDVI随海拔升高而上升;海拔1350～3650 m,NDVI无显著变化;海拔3650～5900 m,NDVI随海拔升高而下降,在4750～5900 m快速下降;海拔5900 m以上,几乎无植被。川西北高原的NDVI受多种自然因子交互作用影响,热量因子(月最高气温极大值、月最低气温极小值、植物生长期、年均温、生长期均温)是主导气候因子,除月最高气温极大值外,其余温度因子对NDVI均以正贡献为主。NDVI对气温指数的响应高于降水指数。在气候变暖背景下,极端气温暖指数对川西北高原植被生长尤其是高海拔地区植被生长及改善以促进作用为主。

关键词: 川西北高原, 归一化植被指数, 极端气候指数, 地形

Abstract: The northwestern Sichuan Plateau is a typical eco-climate sensitive area, where vegetation condition is closely related to climate change. We used the MODIS-NDVI and the meteorological data during 2001-2020 to investigate the change trend of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the mechanism underlying its responses to climate factors in the growing season of northwestern Sichuan Plateau by using the methods of maximum value composite, geodetector model, trend analysis, and correlation analysis. The results showed that vegetation coverage in northwestern Sichuan Plateau was overall good during the study period. 86.8% of the regional vegetation was stable, 12.6% of the regional NDVI was weakly and continuously increasing, and 0.6% of the regional NDVI was decreasing. The ecological environment of the whole region exhibited a steady and good development trend. The vegetation coverage in the study area exhibited apparent spatial variation with a general tendency of increase from southwest to northeast, as well as obvious variation with elevation. The NDVI rose with elevation below 1350 m, varied slightly from 1350 to 3650 m, dropped from 3650 to 5900 m, with a rapid drop between 4750 to 5900 m. There was almost no vegetation above 5900 m. The NDVI of northwestern Sichuan Plateau was affected by the interactions of natural factors. Thermal factors were the dominant climate factors, including monthly maximum value of daily maximum temperature, monthly minimum value of daily minimum temperature, growing season length, annual mean temperature, mean temperature over the growing season. All these factors were positively correlated with NDVI excepted for monthly maximum value of daily maximum temperature. The response of NDVI to temperature index was higher than that of precipitation index. Under the background of climate warming, extreme temperature warming index played a major role in promoting the growth and improvement of vegetation in northwestern Sichuan Plateau, especially in high-altitude areas.

Key words: northwestern Sichuan Plateau, normalized difference vegetation index, extreme climate index, topo-graphy

王鑫, 王明田, 冯勇, 邹雨伽, 郭斌. 2001—2020年川西北高原归一化植被指数演变特征及其对极端气候的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1957-1965.

WANG Xin, WANG Ming-tian, FENG Yong, ZOU Yu-jia, GUO Bin. Variation characteristics of normalized difference vegetation index in Northwestern Sichuan Plateau and its response to extreme climate during 2001-2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(7): 1957-1965.

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2001—2020年川西北高原归一化植被指数演变特征及其对极端气候的响应

Variation characteristics of normalized difference vegetation index in Northwestern Sichuan Plateau and its response to extreme climate during 2001-2020

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