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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 3369-3378.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202212.024

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生态安全格局的上海国土空间生态修复关键区域识别与修复策略

闫玉玉1,2, 孙彦伟1,2,3*, 刘敏2,4   

  1. 1上海市建设用地和土地整理事务中心, 上海 200003;
    2自然资源部大都市区国土空间生态修复工程技术创新中心, 上海 200003;
    3同济大学建筑与城市规划学院, 上海 200072;
    4华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 201100
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-13 接受日期:2022-09-16 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2023-07-05
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: syw2002@126.com
  • 作者简介:闫玉玉, 女, 1992年生, 硕士。主要从事国土整治与生态修复研究。E-mail: 3478151289@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室项目(SHUES2020A13)

Identification and restoration strategy of key areas for territorial space ecological restoration in Shanghai, China based on ecological security pattern

YAN Yu-yu1,2, SUN Yan-wei1,2,3*, LIU Min2,4   

  1. 1Shanghai Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Shanghai 200003, China;
    2Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200003, China;
    3College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China;
    4School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 201100, China
  • Received:2022-01-13 Accepted:2022-09-16 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2023-07-05

摘要: 新时期国土空间生态修复被赋予维护区域生态安全、提升区域生态系统质量和稳定性、提供优质生态产品的重任。从生态安全角度准确判定国土空间待修复关键区域,是其首要事项,也是科学开展生态修复的关键和难题。本研究基于主流生态安全格局构建理论和方法,以上海市为研究区域,集成运用形态学空间格局分析方法和InVEST模型识别生态源地,利用电路理论提取生态廊道、生态“夹点”和障碍点,综合判定待修复关键区域,并提出针对性修复策略。结果表明: 上海市生态源地主要分布在长江入海口、崇明岛、杭州湾沿岸及淀山湖区域,约占研究区面积的17.9%;源间关键廊道共计103条;待修复关键区域包括12处生态“夹点”和54处生态障碍点,主要分布在生态源地与生态廊道接壤处以及生态廊道与生态廊道的交点或拐点处;根据待修复关键区域典型问题及其土地利用状况,提出生态景观重塑、重要廊道贯通和生态岸线保护修复3类修复策略分区及其可能的工程措施建议。本研究结果可为上海市编制国土空间生态修复规划,以及全国其他地区构建相近尺度生态安全格局、开展系统性生态修复工作提供参考。

关键词: 国土空间生态修复, 生态安全格局, 生态“夹点”, 生态障碍点, 上海市

Abstract: In the new era, ecological restoration of territorial space is the important task of maintaining regional ecological security, improving regional ecological quality and providing high-quality ecological products. From the perspective of ecological security, accurately determination of key areas to be restored in the territorial space is the primary work, and it is also a key and difficult problem to scientifically carry out ecological restoration. Based on the mainstream ecological security pattern theory, taking Shanghai as the research area, we integrated morphological spatial pattern analysis method and InVEST model to identify ecological sources, extracted ecological corridors, ecological “pinch points” and obstacle points with circuit theory, comprehensively determined the key areas to be restored, and proposed targeted restoration strategies. The results showed that the ecological sources of Shanghai were mainly distributed in the Yangtze River estuary, Chongming Island, Hangzhou Bay coast, and Dianshan Lake, accounting for about 17.9% of the study area. There were 103 key ecological corridors. The key areas to be repaired included 12 ecological “pinch points” and 54 ecological obstacle points, which were mainly distributed at the border of ecological source and ecological corridor, as well asthe intersection or turning point of ecological corridor and ecological corridor. According to the typical problems of key areas to be restored and land use conditions, three types of restoration strategy zones were proposed: ecological landscape reshaping, important corridor penetration, and ecological shoreline protection and restoration. The results could provide reference for compiling a territorial space ecological restoration plan in Shanghai and building a medium-scale ecological security pattern and carrying out systemic ecological restoration work in other regions of China.

Key words: territorial space ecological restoration, ecological security pattern, ecological “pinch point”, ecological obstacle point, Shanghai