南方丘陵区马尾松-麻栎群落水分利用来源及其影响因素

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202307.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物水分利用过程复杂多变,并受多种因素影响,探究林分水分利用来源及其影响因素可为明确气候变化下森林水分适应机制提供参考。本研究以南方丘陵区典型植物群落——马尾松和麻栎混交林为对象,通过分析不同季节群落植物的水分利用来源,结合土壤水、降水和植物根系因子探究植物水源转变的影响因素。结果表明: 马尾松和麻栎水分利用特征相似,两者在旱季均主要利用0～40 cm土壤水,利用比例分别为60.0%和66.6%;在雨季随着土壤深层含水量的增加,两者主要水源逐渐向土壤深层转移。马尾松和麻栎的相似性比例指数在60%以上,表明两者存在明显的水分竞争关系。麻栎根系吸水具有可塑性,在旱季吸收浅层水时,根系调节起主导作用;而水分是麻栎和马尾松在雨季水源转变的主要驱动因子,与马尾松相比,麻栎对水分变化更敏感。在未来气候暖干化的背景下,两者对浅层水源的竞争可能会加剧,两种乔木应疏植或间伐以优化森林结构应对水分胁迫。

关键词: 植物群落, 同位素, 水分利用, 影响因素

Abstract: The process of plant water use is complex and changeable, which is affected by various factors. Exploring the sources and influencing factors of plant water use can provide reference for clarifying the mechanisms of forest water adaptation under climate change. We chosen the typical forest communities in the hilly region of Sou-thern China, Pinus massoniana and Quercus acutissima mixed forest as the research object. By analyzing water sources of plants in different seasons, the factors affecting the changes of water sources were explored in combination with soil water, precipitation, and plant roots. The results showed that water use characteristics of P. massoniana and Q. acutissima were similar and both mainly utilized 0-40 cm soil water during the dry season, with proportions of 60.0% and 66.6%. During the rainy season, as soil water content of deep layers increased, the main water sources of both gradually shifted towards deep soil. The similarity proportion indices of P. massoniana and Q. acutissima were above 60%, indicating that there was an obvious water competition between them. Root system of Q. acutissima had plasticity in water absorption, and played a dominant role in absorbing shallow water during the dry season. Water was the main driving factor for water source transformation of Q. acutissima and P. massoniana during the rainy season. Compared with P. massoniana, Q. acutissima was more sensitive to the changes of water sources. Under the background of future warming and drying, the competition between the two species for shallow water sources might be intensified. Those two species should be sparsely planted or thinned to optimize forest structure to cope with water stress.

Key words: plant community, isotope, water use, influencing factor

张岁梦, 叶丽敏, 周肄智, 王晓霞, 许元科, 姜姜, 刘自强. 南方丘陵区马尾松-麻栎群落水分利用来源及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(7): 1729-1736.

ZHANG Suimeng, YE Limin, ZHOU Yizhi, WANG Xiaoxia, XU Yuanke, JIANG Jiang, LIU Ziqiang. Water use sources and its influencing factors of Pinus massoniana and Quercus acutissima community in hilly region of Southern China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(7): 1729-1736.

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