生态系统管理的概念及其要素

应用生态学报 ›› 2000, Vol. ›› Issue (3): 455-458.

生态系统管理的概念及其要素

任海¹, 邬建国², 彭少麟³, 赵利忠⁴

1. 中国科学院华南植物研究所, 广州510650;
2. 美国亚利桑那州立大学生命科学系, 凤凰城AZ85069;
3. 中国科学院广州分院, 广州510070;
4. 内蒙古乌拉特前旗林业局, 乌拉特前旗013000

收稿日期:1999-08-27 修回日期:1999-11-30 出版日期:2000-05-25
通讯作者: 任海,男,1970年生,博士,副研究员,主要从事生态系统生态学和恢复生态学研究,发表论著50余篇(部),E-mail:renhai@scib.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大项目(39899370);中国科学院重大项目(KZ951-B1-110);广东省自然科学基金重大项目(980952)资助

Concept of ecosystem management and its essential elements

REN Hai¹, WU Jianguo², PENG Shaolin³

1. South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650;
2. Department of Life Sciences, Arizona State University West, Phoenix, AZ 85069 USA;
3. Guangzhou Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070

Received:1999-08-27 Revised:1999-11-30 Online:2000-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态系统管理起源于传统的自然资源管理和利用领域,形成于本世纪90年代.它是指基于对生态系统组成、结构和功能过程的最佳理解,在一定的时空尺度范围内将人类价值和社会经济条件整合到生态系统经营中,以恢复或维持生态系统整体性和可持续性.生态系统管理要求收集被管理系统核心层次的生态学数据并监测生态系统的变化过程.生态系统管理的要素包括:有明确的管理目标,有确定的系统边界和单元,基于对生态系统的深刻理解,有适宜的尺度和等级结构,理解生态系统不确定性,可适应性管理,强调部门与个人间的合作,把人类及其价值取向作为生态系统的一个成分等.生态系统管理的目标是实现生态系统的可持续性.

关键词: 生态系统管理, 生态系统可持续性, 尺度

Abstract: Ecosystem management originates from the tradition fields of natural resources management and utilization,and develops in the 1990's.Based on our best understanding of the ecosystem composition,structure and function,and in definite spatiotemporal scales,it integrates human values and social-economic principles into managing ecosystems to resotre and/or sustain ecosystem integrity and sustainability.Ecosystem management requires the collection of field data and the monitoring of ecosystem dynamics at multiple scales.The essential elements of ecosystem management include clear management goals,definite ecological boundaries and units,sound ecological understanding,appropriate scale and hierarchic structure,understanding of ecosystem uncertainty,adaptive management,cooperation between agency and individuals,and viewing human and its value as ecosystem components.The goal of ecosystem management focuses on ecosystem sustainbility.

Key words: Ecosystem management, Ecosystem sustainability, Scale

任海, 邬建国, 彭少麟, 赵利忠. 生态系统管理的概念及其要素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2000, (3): 455-458.

REN Hai, WU Jianguo, PENG Shaolin. Concept of ecosystem management and its essential elements[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000, (3): 455-458.

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