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巨桉人工林地土壤微生物类群的生态分布规律

冯健 张健   

  1. 四川农业大学林学园艺学院,雅安 625014
  • 收稿日期:2005-01-17 修回日期:2005-05-06 出版日期:2005-08-18

Ecological distribution patterns of soil microbes under artificial Eucalyptus Grandis stand

FENG Jian,ZHANG Jian   

  1. College of Forestry and Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an 625014,China
  • Received:2005-01-17 Revised:2005-05-06 Online:2005-08-18

摘要: 研究了四川省洪雅县巨桉人工林地土壤微生物数量及其类群分布规律.结果表明,洪雅县巨桉人工林地土壤微生物数量具有明显的季节变化,各样地均以秋季最多,达到17.42×106 CFU·g-1,春季次之,夏季最少.土壤微生物主要集中在0~20 cm的土层,随着土层的加深,微生物数量迅速减少;在0~60 cm土层,同一类群微生物数量变动范围较大,其中好气性细菌0.31×10 6~14.39×106 CFU·g-1,放线菌0.06×10 6~0.79×106 CFU·g-1,真菌0.02×10 6~0.07×10 6 CFU·g-1,厌氧细菌0.05×106~3.22×106 CFU·g-1.巨桉人工林地微生物以细菌为主要类群,占微生物总数的92.83%以上,其次是放线菌和真菌,其微生物组成结构合理.与青冈次生林和农耕地相比,巨桉人工林地微生物数量远远高于青冈次生林地,有利于土壤微生物生长.细菌生理类群的Simpson多样性指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别达到0.773和1.896.

关键词: 小菜蛾, 卵寄生蜂, 生态恢复

Abstract: In order to find out the ecological distribution patterns of soil microbes under artificial Eucalyptus grandis stand,the amount and distribution of soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in Hongya County of Sichuan Province were investigated in 2004.The results showed that soil microbial population under Eucalyptus grandis stand varied with seasons,being the maximum in autumn,fewer in spring,and the minimum in summer.The numbers were decreased in order of bacteria>actinomycetes>fungi,which were mainly concentrated in 0~20 cm soil layer,andrapidly decreased with increasing soil depth.In 0~60 cm soil layer,the numbers of aerobic bacteria were 0.31×10 6~14.39×10 6,actinomycetes were 0.06×10 6~0.79×10 6,fungi were 0.06×10 6~0.79×10 6,and anaerobes were 0.05×106~3.22×106 CFU·g-1. Comparing with artificial C.glauca stand and farming land,Eucalyptus grandis stand had a larger number of soil microbes,suggesting that Eucalyptus grandis was benefit for soil microbial activity.The Simpson and ShannonWiener index of the physiological groups of bacteria was 0.773 and 1.896, respectively.