有机无机肥配施对双季稻轮作系统产量、温室气体排放和土壤养分的综合效应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202101.023

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 145-153.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202101.023

有机无机肥配施对双季稻轮作系统产量、温室气体排放和土壤养分的综合效应

卜容燕¹, 李敏¹, 韩上¹, 程文龙¹, 王慧¹, 孙志祥², 唐杉¹, 武际^1*

¹安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室, 合肥 230031;
²安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036

收稿日期:2020-07-13 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-07-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: wuji338@163.com
作者简介:卜容燕, 女, 1985年生, 博士。主要从事现代施肥技术和土壤生态学研究。E-mail: burongyan@163.com
基金资助:
安徽省科技重大专项(17030701055)和公益性行业科研专项(201503122)

Comprehensive effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer on yield, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil nutrient in double-cropping rice systems

BU Rong-yan¹, LI Min¹, HAN Shang¹, CHENG Wen-long¹, WANG Hui¹, SUN Zhi-xiang², TANG Shan¹, WU Ji^1*

¹Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resource Environment of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, China;
²College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

Received:2020-07-13 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-07-15
Contact: * E-mail: wuji338@163.com
Supported by:
Major Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province (17030701055) and the Special Research Project for Public Welfare Industry (201503122).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究开展了连续3年(2017—2019年)的田间试验,通过设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(F)、等氮条件下有机肥配施化肥(FM)(有机肥全部于早稻季施用)3个处理,对双季稻轮作系统作物产量、土壤肥力进行分析,并连续2年(2018—2019年)对单施化肥和有机肥配施化肥处理的CH₄和N₂O排放进行监测。结果表明: 施肥可以显著提高早、晚稻产量,其中FM处理的增产效果最好,与F处理相比,FM处理早稻和晚稻分别平均增产5.6%和7.2%,且增产效果随着年限的增加表现为增加趋势。FM处理早稻、晚稻和周年轮作CH₄排放量较F处理分别增加8.2%、4.8%和6.7%;但N₂O排放量分别下降31.4%、5.0%和18.8%。尽管连续2年各处理双季稻轮作系统全球增温潜势差异不显著,但FM处理温室气体排放强度较F处理分别下降6.8%和8.5%。与F处理相比,FM处理土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别增加9.7%、4.1%、30.9%和2.5%。综上所述,在本研究条件下,有机肥集中于早稻季施用替代化肥是增加双季稻产量、提高土壤肥力和降低稻田温室气体排放强度的有效措施。

关键词: 双季稻, 有机肥替代化肥, 产量, 土壤养分, 温室效应

Abstract: We carried out a 3-year field experiment with three treatments: 1) no fertilizer application (CK), 2) chemical fertilizer application (F), and 3) combined organic and chemical fertilizer (FM) in which the total nitrogen inputs were equal with F (organic fertilizer applied in the early rice season). We evaluated the variations of crop yield, CH₄ and N₂O emission, and soil nutrient. The results showed that fertilizer application could increase rice yield in both early and late rice seasons. Compared with F treatment, FM treatment increased rice yield by 5.6% and 7.2% for early and late rice, respectively. The enhancement of yield was positively correlated with years. Compared with F treatment, CH₄ emission in early rice season, late rice season and whole year in the field in FM treatment was increased by 8.2%, 4.8% and 6.7%, respectively, while the N₂O emission was deceased by 31.4%, 5.0% and 18.8%, respectively. Organic fertilizer application reduced the greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) by 6.8% and 8.5%, but there was no significant differences in global warming potential (GWP) across treatments in 2018 and 2019. Compared with F treatment, the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by 9.7%, 4.1%, 30.9% and 2.5%, respectively. Overall, our results suggested FM application in early rice season is an effective measure to increase crop yield, improve soil nutrient, and reduce GHGI.

Key words: double-cropping rice, organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer, yield, soil nutrient, greenhouse effect

卜容燕, 李敏, 韩上, 程文龙, 王慧, 孙志祥, 唐杉, 武际. 有机无机肥配施对双季稻轮作系统产量、温室气体排放和土壤养分的综合效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(1): 145-153.

BU Rong-yan, LI Min, HAN Shang, CHENG Wen-long, WANG Hui, SUN Zhi-xiang, TANG Shan, WU Ji. Comprehensive effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer on yield, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil nutrient in double-cropping rice systems[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(1): 145-153.

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有机无机肥配施对双季稻轮作系统产量、温室气体排放和土壤养分的综合效应

Comprehensive effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer on yield, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil nutrient in double-cropping rice systems

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