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应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (8): 967-970.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

高山草地绵羊放牧生态系统草畜营养供需动态

肖金玉1, 侯扶江1, 郭正刚1, 李峻成1, 王钦1, 安玉峰2   

  1. 1. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃省草原生态研究所, 兰州 730020;
    2. 肃南鹿场, 肃南 734400
  • 收稿日期:2002-04-07 修回日期:2002-05-09
  • 通讯作者: 肖金玉,女,1973年生,硕士,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,发表论文数篇.E-mail:jinyu886@x263.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000018602);国家重点科技攻关计划项目(2001K010401);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(39630250).

Dynamics of forage supplement and nutrition requirements of grazing sheep in alpine grasslands

XIAO Jinyu1, HOU Fujiang1, GUO Zhenggang1, LI Juncheng1, WANG Qing ; AN Yufeng 1   

  1. 1. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute, Lanzhou 730020;
    2. Sunan Deer Farm, Sunan 734400
  • Received:2002-04-07 Revised:2002-05-09

摘要: 为了探讨放牧生态系统草畜间动态关系,缓减草畜营养供需的季节性不平衡,分别在高山草地春、夏、秋和冬季,进行了绵羊消化代谢试验.结果表明,春季牧草消化能、粗蛋白质含量及粗蛋白质消化能比值最高,分别为9.76MJ、21.53%和22.06g·MJ-1,有效能不足;高山草地牧草产量低,绵羊采食干物质量最低(60.51±3.42g·W0.75kg-1·d-1);应补充饲料,尤其补饲能量饲料.夏季牧草粗蛋白质消化能比值为17.62g·MJ-1,偏高,能量仍略显不足;补饲能量饲料,可提高绵羊对牧草N的利用率.秋季与其它3季牧地相比,草畜间的营养供需较平衡,放牧能满足绵羊的营养需要,其体内N存留率较高.冬季牧草质差,消化能、粗蛋白质含量最低,分别为4.30MJ、4.63%,绵羊干物质采食量亦低,N代谢呈负平衡,应补饲干物质、有效能及粗蛋白质不足的部分.为改善此现状,要实行季节畜牧业,建立植物生产与动物生产的耦合系统.

关键词: 高山草地, 放牧绵羊, 营养, 光合同化碳, 水稻, 13C同位素示踪, CO2浓度升高, 植物-土壤系统

Abstract: The dynamics of forage supply and nutrition requirements of sheep were monitored for a whole year under alpine grassland conditions in Sunan County,Gansu Province.The digestion and metabolism of grazed sheep were determined in different seasons. The results showed that the DE(9.76MJ),CP(21.53%) and the ratio of crude protein to digestible energy (22.06g稭J-1) of forage were the highest in Spring,while the herbage dry matter yield and dry matter intake (60.51?3.42 g稺 0.75 kg-1-1) by grazed sheep were the lowest.Supplementary DMespecially in energy should be provided. The ratio of crude protein to digestible energy was 17.62g稭J-1 in Summer,and was somewhat higher. The nitrogen utility of the forage would be improved,if energy feed was supplemented. Both the quality and quantity of forage produced in grasslands in Autumn could meet the sheep requirement. Whereas during Winter, neither forage yield nor nutritive value was sufficient for sheep, and the contents of the DEand CPof forage were the lowest in the year, which were 4.30MJand 4.63%, respectively. The nitrogen metabolism of sheep was negative. Therefore, DM,especially DEand CP,should be supplemented. To improve the conditions, it was necessary to develop seasonal animal husbandry,and combine the subsystems into coupling systems.

Key words: Alpine grassland, Grazing sheep, Nutrition, 13C labeling, plant-soil system, photosynthate, rice, elevated CO2

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