元素硫和双氰胺对蔬菜地土壤硝态氮淋失的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (3): 496-500.

元素硫和双氰胺对蔬菜地土壤硝态氮淋失的影响

赵言文^1,2, 刘常珍^1,2, 胡正义², 高义民³, 王彩绒³, 毕冬梅¹

1. 南京农业大学农学院, 南京, 210095;
2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与持续农业国家重点实验室, 南京, 210008;
3. 西北农林科技大学, 杨凌, 712100

收稿日期:2004-07-12 修回日期:2004-12-01 出版日期:2005-03-15 发布日期:2005-03-15
通讯作者: 胡正义
基金资助:
国家科技部"863"项目(2002AA601012)和国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(40335047).

Effects of elemental sulphur and dicyandiamide on mitigating NO₃^-N leaching loss from vegetable soil

ZHAO Yanwen^1,2, LIU Changzhen^1,2, HU Zhengyi², GAO Yimin³, WANG Cairong³, BI Dongmei ¹

1. Department of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
3. Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China

Received:2004-07-12 Revised:2004-12-01 Online:2005-03-15 Published:2005-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用温室盆栽淋洗试验,以NH₄HCO₃为氮肥源,研究了元素硫(S⁰)和双氰胺(DCD)对种葱和不种作物土壤NO₃^--N淋失量和NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N浓度的影响.结果表明,在12周试验期间,与对照相比,S⁰+DCD和S⁰处理NO₃^--N淋失量分别低83%～86%和83%;NH₄⁺-N淋失量分别高16.8～21.0mg·盆^-1和20.4～25.0mg·盆^-1;而同期无机氮(NO₃^--N+NH₄⁺-N)淋失量则低60%.试验结束后,S⁰+DCD和S⁰处理土壤无机氮含量分别比对照高79.9%～85.4%和74.9%～82.6%,以NH₄⁺-N为主.S⁰+DCD处理无机氮淋失量比S⁰和DCD处理分别低4.6%～14.4%和15.4%～30.1%;试验结束后土壤无机氮分别高6.1%和16.8～36.0%.在Na₂S₂O₃+DCD、Na₂S₂O₃和DCD处理中也发现类似结果.可见S⁰施入土壤具有与DCD同样的氨稳定和硝化抑制作用.S⁰与DCD配合施用可使DCD的硝化抑制性增强,其作用机理是S⁰氧化中间体S₂O₃^2-、S₄O₆^2-,具有抑制硝化和DCD降解作用,延缓DCD硝化抑制效果.S⁰与DCD配合施用可用于延缓太湖流域蔬菜地土壤NH₄⁺-N向NO₃^--N转化,减少氮向水体迁移风险.

关键词: 元素硫, 蔬菜地土壤, 硝态氮, 硝化抑制剂

Abstract: In a pot experiment with allium as test plant and NH₄HCO₃ as nitrogen source,this paper studied the effects of element sulphur(S⁰)and dicyandiamide (DCD) on mitigating the NO₃ - N leaching loss from soil and on soil inorganic nitrogen (NO₃ - N and NH₄⁺ N) content.The results showed that within the 12 weeks of the experiment,the cumulative leaching loss of soil NO₃^- N in treatments S⁰+DCD and S⁰ was 83%～86% and 83% lower,while that of soil NH₄⁺ N was 16 8～21.0 mg·pot^-1 and 20.4～25.0 mg·pot^-1 higher than CK,respectively,and the cumulative loss of soil (NH₄⁺+NO^3-) N was 60% lower.By the end of the experiment,soil inorganic nitrogen content in treatments S⁰ +DCD and S⁰ was 79.9%～85.4% and 74.9～82.6% higher than CK,respectively.The cumulative leaching loss of inorganic N in treatment S⁰ +DCD was 4.6%～14.4% and 15.4%～30.1% lower,and the soil inorganic nitrogen content by the end of the experiment was 6.1% and 16 8%～36 0% higher than that of treatments S⁰ and DCD,respectively.Similar results were obtained when S⁰ was replaced by Na₂S₂O₃,but not by Na₂SO 4.The fact that the application of S⁰ could obviously decrease the NO₃-N leaching loss from soil could be contributed to the inhibitory effects of S₂O₄^2- and S₄O₆^2- originated from S⁰ oxidation in soil on the nitrification of NH₄⁺ N.S⁰ could retard the decomposition of DCD due to the effect of its oxidized products S₂O₄^2- and S₄O₆^2-,and thus,extend the inhibitory effect of DCD on NH₄⁺ N nitrification.It is suggested that S⁰ combined with DCD could be used as an effective nitrification inhibitor to control the NO₃-N leaching loss from vegetable soils.

Key words: Element sulphur, Vegetable soil, Nitrate, Nitrification inhibitor

中图分类号:

S143

赵言文, 刘常珍, 胡正义, 高义民, 王彩绒, 毕冬梅. 元素硫和双氰胺对蔬菜地土壤硝态氮淋失的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(3): 496-500.

ZHAO Yanwen, LIU Changzhen, HU Zhengyi, GAO Yimin, WANG Cairong, BI Dongmei . Effects of elemental sulphur and dicyandiamide on mitigating NO₃^-N leaching loss from vegetable soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(3): 496-500.

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