我国南方生物入侵的问题与对策

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 外来物种入侵到新的栖息地,可能给当地造成严重的生态灾难,导致生态灾害爆发及生物多样性的丧失,进而威胁到人类生存环境.目前,生物入侵已给我国造成了非常严重的环境问题和社会危害,带来了巨大的生态和经济损失,仅对我国农林业造成的直接经济损失每年就高达574亿元.文中主要以我国南方外来植物为例,分析了生物入侵的危害、途径、原因,针对生物入侵涉及地域、生态系统类型和涉及物种种类特点,提出了防治对策:重视生物入侵现象,加强与之相关问题的基础研究;加强立法,建立科学的引种制度;加强动植物检疫,建立全国外来物种入侵动态监测网;提高全民防范意识;加强国际合作.

关键词: 生物入侵, 途径和危害, 防治对策

Abstract: Alien species invasion may cause serious ecological damage,resulting in ecological crisis and biodiversity comedown,and further menacing existing human environment.At present,the invasion of alien species has brought very serious damage to China's environment and society.The direct annual loss of its agro forestry industry accounts for 574 billion RMB.Taking the alien species in Southern China as an example,this paper analyzed the bio invasion approaches,mechanics and damages,and aiming at the characters of invaded area and concerned ecosystems and species,proposed several prevention measurements,i.e.,pay attention to the phenomena of bio invasion and to the basic researches on it; intensify the legislation and establish scientific strategies for introducing alien species; enforce the quarantine on invasive species and establish countrywide monitoring system on alien species; enhance people's defending consciousness; and strengthen international cooperation and collaboration.

Key words: Biological invasion, Approach and damage, Prevention measures

中图分类号:

X176

范继辉, 蒋莉, 程根伟. 我国南方生物入侵的问题与对策[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(3): 568-572.

FAN Jihui, JIANG Li, CHENG Genwei . Alien species invasion in Southern China and its countermeasures[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(3): 568-572.

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