丛枝菌根真菌在田间的分布特征、代谢活性及其对甘薯生长的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 147-150.

丛枝菌根真菌在田间的分布特征、代谢活性及其对甘薯生长的影响

盖京苹, 冯固, 李晓林

中国农业大学资源与环境学院植物营养系, 农业部植物营养学重点实验室, 教育部植物-土壤相互作用重点实验室, 北京, 100094

收稿日期:2003-11-15 修回日期:2004-03-22 出版日期:2005-01-15 发布日期:2005-01-15
通讯作者: 李晓林,E-mail:lixl@cau.edu.cn
基金资助:
欧共体资助项目INCO-DEV(ICA4-CT-2000-30014).

Field distribution pattern and metabolic activity of AM fungi and their effects on Ipomoea batatas growth

GAI Jingping, FENG Gu, LI Xiaolin

Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China

Received:2003-11-15 Revised:2004-03-22 Online:2005-01-15 Published:2005-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了大田条件下丛枝菌根(AM)真菌的分布特征、代谢活性及其对甘薯的生长效应.结果表明,接种Glomus intraradices 8周后,甘薯地上部干重,薯块鲜重和薯块个数均明显高于不接种对照;植株地上部和根系的吸磷量显著提高.与不接种对照相比,接种处理的甘薯菌根侵染率、甘薯根外菌丝密度以及甘薯根内菌丝的活性(根内菌丝碱性磷酸酶活性)显著提高.进一步分析甘薯根际不同方位上的菌丝分布,发现接种处理中平行于垄的方向的菌丝密度显著高于苗子下方的菌丝密度,而不接种处理的各个方向总菌丝密度无差异;活菌丝(具琥珀酸脱氢酶活性的菌丝)密度在各个方向的分布规律与总菌丝密度的分布规律一致.接种后根内菌丝活性的增强,根外活性菌丝密度的增加及其分布特征的改变,是甘薯产量增加的主要原因.

关键词: 碱性磷酸酶, 琥珀酸脱氢酶, 菌丝, 菌根侵染, 生长

Abstract: The study showed that after eight weeks of inoculating sweet potato seedlings with AM fungus Glomus intraradices BEG141 under field condition,the shoot dry weight,individuals of tuber and their fresh weight,as well as the P uptake by the plant increased significantly.Compared with the control,the root colonization rate,extraradical hyphal density and intraradical alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity were greatly increased.After inoculation with BEG141,the total and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)-active hyphae paralleling with ridge were much more than those in underside direction,while there was no significant difference in different directions in the control.The increase of intra-and extraradical active hyphae density and the change of AM fungus distribution pattern after inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi may be the main reasons for the growth improvement of sweet potato.

Key words: Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Succinate dehydrogenase(SDH), Hyphae, Mycorrhizal colonization, Growth

中图分类号:

Q935
S531

盖京苹, 冯固, 李晓林. 丛枝菌根真菌在田间的分布特征、代谢活性及其对甘薯生长的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1): 147-150.

GAI Jingping, FENG Gu, LI Xiaolin . Field distribution pattern and metabolic activity of AM fungi and their effects on Ipomoea batatas growth [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(1): 147-150.

参考文献

[1] Barker SJ, Tagu D. 2000. The roles of auxins and cytokinins in mycorrhizal symbioses. J Plant Growth Regul, 19:144～154
[2] Boddington CL, Dodd JC. 1998. A comparison of the development and metabolic activity of mycorrhizas formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from different genera on two tropicalforage legumes.Mycorrhiza, 8:149～157
[3] Dekkers TBM, van der Werff PA. 2001. Mutualistic functioning of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae in spring barley and winter wheat after cessation of long-term phosphate fertilization. Mycorrhiza, 10:195～201
[4] Dodd JC. 2000. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agro-and natural ecosystems. Outlook Agric, 29:55～62
[5] Dodd JC, Dougall TA, Clapp JP. 2002. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant community establishment at Samphire Hoe,Kent, UK-The reclamation platform created during the building of the channel tunnel between France and the UK. Biodiv Cons, 11:39～58
[6] Fisher RA, Yates F. 1963. Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research. Oliver and Boyd:Edinburgh. 66
[7] Gai J-P(盖京苹), Liu R-J(刘润进). 2003. Effect of soil factors on arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi around roots of wild plants.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 14(3):470～472(in Chinese)
[8] GaiJ-P(盖京苹),FengG(冯固),LiX-L(李晓林).2004.Effect of AM fungi on the growth of sweet potato. Chin Eco-Agric (中国生态农业学报), 12(1):111～113(in Chinese)
[9] Hamel C. 1996. Prospects and problems pertaining to the management of arbuscular mycorrhizae in agriculture. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 67:197～210
[10] Jakobsen 1, Abbott LK, Robson AD. 1992. External hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Trifolium subterraneum L. 2. Hyphal transport of 32p over defined distances.New Phytol, 120:4～16
[11] Joner E J, van Ingrid MA, Vosatka M. 2000. Phosphatase activity of extraradical arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae:A review. Plant Soil,226:199～210
[12] Kabir Z, O' Halloran IP, Widden P, et al. 1998. Vertical distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under corn (Zea mays L.) in no-till and conventional tillage systems. Mycorrhiza, 8:53～55
[13] Koch M, Tanami Z, Bodani H, et al. 1997. Field application of vesicular-arbuscular myorrhizal fungi improved garlic yield in disinfected soil. Mycorrhiza, 7:47～50
[14] McGee PA, Torrisi V, Pattinson GS. 1999. The relationship between density of Glomus mosseae propagules and the initiation and spread of arbuscular mycorrhizas in cotton roots. Mycorrhiza, 9:221～225
[15] O' Keefe DM, Sylvia DM. 1993. Seasonal dynamics of the association between sweet potato and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhiza, 3:115～122
[16] Phillips JM, Haymann DS. 1970. Improved procedures for cleaning and staining parasitic and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Trans Br Mycol Soc, 55:158～160
[17] Porter WM. 1979. The ‘Most probable number' method for enumerating infective propagules of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil. Aust J Soil Res, 17:515～519
[18] Smith SE, Gianinazzl-Pearson V. 1990. Phosphate uptake and vesicular-arbuscular activity in mycorrhizal Allium cepa L.:Effect of photo irradiance and phosphate nutrition. Aust J Plant Physiol, 17:177～188
[19] Trouvelot A, Kough JL, Gianinazzi-Pearson V. 1986. Mesure du taux de mycorhization VA d' un systeme radiculaire. Recherche de methodes d' estimation ayant une signification funvtionnelle. In:Gianinazzi-Pearson V, Gianinazzi S, eds. Physiological and Genetic Aspectes of Mycorrhizae. Paris:INRA Press. 217～221
[20] Voa'tka M. 1995. Influence of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and mycorrhizal infection of transplanted onion. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 53:151～159