Impacts of cuprous oxide nanoparticles on wheat root morphology and genotoxicity

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.031

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the ecotoxicity of Cu₂O nanoparticles (NPs) on plant roots, the effects of Cu₂O-NPs with different concentrations of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg·L^-1 on the seedling growth, root morphology, and cytogenetic toxicity of wheat ‘Zhoumai 18’ (Triticum aestivum Zhoumai 18) were examined in a hydroponic experiment. The results showed that Cu₂O-NPs inhibited the growth of wheat seedlings. Cu₂O-NPs reduced root and shoot lengths, fresh weights of shoot and root, root relative activity and ratio of root to shoot of wheat seedlings, but increased primary root number. Furthermore, with the increases of Cu₂O-NPs concentrations, the root elongation zone shortened and the root became hard and brittle, while the average diameter of roots increased. Under the concentration of 100 mg·L^-1 Cu₂O-NPs, the mitotic index significantly decreased, and vacuolization, plasma membrane detachment, chromosomal abnormality occurred in the root tip cell. In conclusion, Cu₂O-NPs are genotoxic to wheat seedlings, with consequences on the growth and development of wheat seedlings and root morphology.

Key words: seedling, nanoparticle, growth and development, ecotoxicity, chromosomal abnor-mality

MA Zhan-qiang, XU Yan-chong, FAN Zhen-jie, HOU Dian-yun, XU Qiu-yue. Impacts of cuprous oxide nanoparticles on wheat root morphology and genotoxicity[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(3): 1105-1111.

References 32

[1]	Sardoiwalal MN, Kaunda B, Choudhury SR. Toxic impact of nanomaterials on microbes, plants and animals. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2018, 16: 147-160
[2]	张海, 彭程, 杨建军, 等. 金属型纳米颗粒对植物的生态毒理效应研究进展. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(3): 885-892 [Zhang H, Peng C, Yang J-J, et al. Eco-toxicological effect of metal-based nanoparticles on plants: Research progress. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(3): 885-892]
[3]	张莹, 陈光才, 刘泓. 纳米颗粒的土壤环境行为及其生态毒性研究进展. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(13): 8-12 [Zhang Y, Chen G-C, Liu H. Overview of soil-environmental behaviors and ecotoxicity of nanoparticles. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(13): 8-12]
[4]	汪玉洁, 陈日远, 刘厚诚, 等. 纳米材料在农业上的应用及其对植物生长和发育的影响. 植物生理学报, 2017, 53 (6): 933-942 [Wang Y-J, Chen R-Y, Liu H-C, et al. Applications of nanomaterials in agriculture and its effects on the growth and development of plants. Plant Physiology Journal, 2017, 53(6): 933-942]
[5]	Keller AA, Mcferran S, Lazareva A, et al. Global life cycle releases of engineered nanomaterials. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2013, 15: 1-17
[6]	Verma SK, Das AK, Patel MK, et al. Engineered nanomaterials for plant growth and development: A perspective analysis. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 630: 1413-1435
[7]	Prajitha N, Athira SS, Mohanan PV. Bio-interactions and risks of engineered nanoparticles. Environmental Research, 2019, 172: 98-108
[8]	Hao Y, Fang PH, Ma CX, et al. Engineered nanomaterials inhibit Podosphaera pannosa infection on rose leaves by regulating phytohormones. Environmental Research, 2019, 170: 1-6
[9]	Hao Y, Yuan W, Ma CX, et al. Engineered nanomaterials suppress Turnip mosaic virus infection in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana). Environmental Science-Nano, 2018, 5: 1685-1693
[10]	García-Sánchez S, Bernales I, Cristobal S. Early response to nanoparticles in the Arabidopsis transcriptome compromises plant defence and root-hair development through salicylic acid signalling. BMC Genomics, 2015, 16: 341-356
[11]	Chung IM, Rekha K, Rajakumar G, et al. Production of bioactive compounds and gene expression alterations in hairy root cultures of Chinese cabbage elicited by copper oxide nanoparticles. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 2018, 134: 95-106
[12]	倪洪涛, 张文彬, 丁广洲. 纳米材料对植物基因表达的影响及遗传毒性. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(12): 143-149 [Ni H-T, Zhang W-B, Ding G-Z. Effect of nanomaterials on plant gene expression and genotoxicity. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2019, 35(12): 143-149
[13]	夏雨琪, 彭程, 熊美昱, 等. 植物对金属纳米材料胁迫响应的蛋白质组学研究进展. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1763-1772 [Xia Y-Q, Peng C, Xiong M-Y, et al. Advances in proteomic research on plant responses to metal-based nanomaterial stress. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1763-1772]
[14]	Yeo BE, Cho YS, Huh YD. Evolution of the morphology of Cu2O microcrystals: Cube to 50-facet polyhedron through beveled cube and rhombicuboctahedron. Cryst-EngComm, 2017, 19: 1627-1632
[15]	Sun C, Lu L, Liu L, et al. Nitrate reductase-mediated early nitric oxide burst alleviates oxidative damage induced by aluminum through enhancement of antioxidant defenses in roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum). New Phytologist, 2014, 201: 1240-1250
[16]	Stampoulis D, Sinha SK, White JC. Assay-dependent phytotoxicity of nanoparticles to plants. Environmental Science & Technology, 2009, 43: 9473-9479
[17]	Singh A, Prasad SM. Nanotechnology and its role in agro-ecosystem: A strategic perspective. International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 14: 2277-2300
[18]	Shah V, Belozerova I. Influence of metal nanoparticles on the soil microbial community and germination of lettuce seeds. Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 2009, 197: 143-148
[19]	Lin D, Xing B. Phytotoxicity of nanoparticles: Inhibition of seed germination and root growth. Environmental Pollution, 2007, 150: 243-250
[21]	Adams J, Wright M, Wagner H, et al. Cu from dissolution of CuO nanoparticles signals changes in root morphology. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 110: 108-117
[22]	Kumari M, Khan SS, Pakrashi S, et al. Cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on root cells of Allium cepa. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 190: 613-621
[23]	Miyasaka SC, Hawes MC. Possible role of root border cells in detection and avoidance of aluminum toxicity. Plant Physiology, 2001, 125: 1978-1987
[24]	王淑玲, 张玉喜, 刘汉柱, 等. 氧化铜纳米颗粒对水稻幼苗根系代谢毒性的研究. 环境科学, 2014, 35(5): 1968-1973 [Wang S-L, Zhang Y-X, Liu H-Z, et al. Phytotoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles to metabolic activity in the roots of rice. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(5): 1968-1973]
[25]	Dimkpa CO, Mclean JE, Latta DE, et al. CuO and ZnO nanoparticles: Phytotoxicity, metal speciation, and induction of oxidative stress in sand-grown wheat. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2012, 14: 1-15
[26]	Youssef MS, Elamawi RM. Evaluation of phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles in Vicia faba. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020, 27: 18972-18984
[27]	Ahmed B, Shahid M, Khan MS, et al. Chromosomal aberrations, cell suppression and oxidative stress generation induced by metal oxide nanoparticles in onion (Allium cepa) bulb. Metallomics, 2018, 10: 1315-1327
[28]	Brunner TJ, Wick P, Manser P, et al. In vitro cytotoxi-city of oxide nanoparticles, comparison to asbestos, silica, and the effect of particle solubility. Environmental Science & Technology, 2006, 40: 4373-4381
[29]	Saquib Q, Faisal M, Alatar AA, et al. Genotoxicity of ferric oxide nanoparticles in Raphanus sativus: Deciphering the role of signaling factors, oxidative stress and cell death. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2016, 47: 49-62
[30]	肖云木. ZnO NPs/Cd2+交互胁迫下美洲商陆根系响应特征研究. 硕士论文. 长沙: 中南林业科技大学, 2019 [Xiao Y-M. Root Tolerance Characteristics of Phytolacca americana L. under ZnO NPs/Cd2+ Interaction Stress. Master Thesis. Changsha: Central South University Forestry and Technology, 2019]
[31]	Van NL, Ma CX, Shang JY, et al. Effects of CuO nanoparticles on insecticidal activity and phytotoxicity in conventional and transgenic cotton. Chemosphere, 2016, 144: 661-670
[32]	Manosij G, Aditi J, Manivannan J. Effects of ZnO nanoparticles in plants: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, deregulation of antioxidant defenses, and cell-cycle arrest. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis, 2016, 807: 25-32