Effects of soil surface mulching on solar greenhouse grafted and own-rooted cucumber growth and soil environment

Abstract

Abstract: The study on the effects of different soil surface mulching models,including wheat straw mulching(WS),plastic film mulching(PF),and wheat straw plus plastic film mulching(WP),on the growth of solar greenhouse grafted and own-rooted cucumber and on soil environment showed that soil surface mulching not only increased the individuals of pistillate flower,improved its differentiation and development,shortened fruit-developing period,increased fruit weight,reduced fruit malformation percentage,but also raised total yield.Among the test mulching models,WP was better than WS and PF,and the effects were superior on grafted than on own-rooted cucumber.Soil surface mulching also had considerable effects on soil environment,but the effects varied with different modules.For example,under field condition,the diurnal change of soil temperature was a single-peak curve,with its peak higher and appeared at 14:30 in 5 cm and 10 cm soil depth,but lower and appeared later in deeper soil layers.In this study,WS lowered the maximum soil temperature and raised the minimum soil temperature,making soil temperature quite stable,while PF raised the maximum soil temperature much higher and enhanced the minimum soil temperature less than WS and WP,making the largest variation range of soil temperature.WP played a role of raising soil temperature and kept it stable.Similar to the diurnal change of soil temperature at 5 cm and 10 cm depth,that of soil respiration rate was also a single-peak curve.The soil respiration rate in all treatments was significantly higher than that of CK,and WP had a higher soil respiration rate than PF and WS.There was a significant positive correlation between soil respiration rate and soil temperature at 5 cm and 10 cm depth.By the end of the experiment,soil bulk density at the depth of 0～20 cm was measured,which was significantly lower in WS and WP than in CK and PF.The difference in soil bulk density was gradually inconspicuous with soil layer deepened.

Key words: Solar greenhouse, Soil surface mulching, Grafted cucumber, Yield, Soil environment

CLC Number:

Q948.3

ZHAI Sheng, LIANG Yinli, WANG Juyuan . Effects of soil surface mulching on solar greenhouse grafted and own-rooted cucumber growth and soil environment[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(12): 2344-2348.

References

[1]Chen X-S(陈锡时),Guo S-F(郭树凡),Wang J-K(汪景宽),et al.1998.Effects of plastic film mulching on microbe community and its activity in soil.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),9(4):435～439(in Chinese)
[2]Cheng R-P(程仁平).1996.The effect of straw mulching among lines on yield of watermelon,pepper and tomato.Changjiang Veget(长江蔬菜),(8):24～25(in Chinese)
[3]Gao ZQ,Yin J,Miao GY,et al.1999.Effects of tillage and mulch methods on soil moisture in wheat fields of Loess Plateau,China.Pedosphere,9(2): 161～168
[4]Li FM,Guo AH,Wei H.1999.Effects of clear plastic film mulch on yield of spring wheat.Field Crops Res,63:79～86
[5]Liu Y-L(刘裕岭),Yan W-G(颜维根),Wang A-L(王阿兰).1999.Effects and techniques of straw mulching in pepper field in summer.Chin Veget(中国蔬菜),(4):39～40(in Chinese)
[6]Mashingsidze AB,Chivinge OA,Zishiri C.1996.The effects of clear and black mulch on soil temperature,weed seed viability and seedling emergence,growth and yield of tomatoes.J Appl Sci Southern Africa,2:6～14
[7]Quezada M,Maria R,Munguia L,et al.1995.Plastic mulching and availability of soil nutrients in cucumber crop.TERRA(Mexico),13:136～147
[8]Sun J(孙进),Xu Y-C(徐阳春),Shen Q-R(沈其荣),et al.2001.Effects of rice straw mulch and water-retaining agent on soil properties and crop yield.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(5):731～734(in Chinese)
[9]Wang S-H(王绍辉),Zhang Z-X(张振贤).2002.Effect of mulch and shade on physiological and biological characteristics of ginger growing in field.Chin J Eco-Agric(中国生态农业学报),10(3):68～69(in Chinese)
[10]Wang Y-Z(王永珍),Liu R-T(刘润堂),Zhang J-G(张剑国).2004.Physiological mechanism of early aging caused by plastic mulching on tomatoes.J Shanxi Agric Univ(山西农业大学学报),24(1):60～62(in Chinese)
[11]Wu J-G(吴建国),Zhang X-Q(张小全),Xu D-Y(徐德应).2003.The temporal variations of soil respiration under different land use in Liupan Mountain Forest Zone.Environ Sci(环境科学),24(6):23～32(in Chinese)
[12]Xu K(徐坤),Li M-G(李明国).2000.Effects of mulching with straw on the photosynthetic characteristics of ginger.Chin Veget(中国蔬菜),(2):18～20(in Chinese)
[13]Xu K(徐坤).1999.The influence of mulching with straw on field microclimate and ginger growth.Chin Veget(中国蔬菜),(2):15～17(in Chinese)
[14]Xue F-X(薛福祥).2003.Effects of different mulching methods on disease and growth of cucumber in greenhouses.J Gansu Agric Univ(甘肃农业大学学报),38(1):31～34(in Chinese)
[15]Zaongo CGL,Wendt CW,Lascano RJ,et al.1997.Interactions of water,mulch and nitrogen on sorghum in Niger.Plant Soil,197:119～126
[16]Zhang J-G(张剑国),Du S-H(杜素惠),Wang Y-Z(王永珍),et al.1995.Primary study on senilism reasons of cabbage resulting from plastic film mulching.Chin Veget(中国蔬菜),(2):1～3(in Chinese)