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Responses of radial growth of different tree species to abrupt temperature change in the northern Greater Khingan Mountains, China QIU Yang, WANG Zhaopeng, ZHANG Dongyou, LI Xiangyou, LUO Taoran, WANG Xinrui, LI Linlin, ZHAO Yueru Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 2933-2941.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.001 Abstract （572）      PDF（pc） （3409KB）（31）       Knowledge map    Save We constructed standardized chronologies of tree-ring width of Larix gmelinii and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, the main tree species in the Mangui region of the northern Greater Khingan Mountains based on dendrochronology methods, we explored the responses of radial growth of the two species to climate change. The results showed that the radial growth of L. gmelinii was mainly limited by temperature, which was significantly negatively related to mean temperature in October of the last year and that in March and May-August of the present year. The radial growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica was promoted by both temperature and precipitation, which was significantly positively related to precipitation in May of the present year and temperature in October of the last year and May-September of the present year. We analyzed temperature data from 1960 to 2021 in the Mangui region using the Mann-Kendall test, and found that mean annual temperature of the region had a warming abrupt change in 1988. L. gmelinii radial growth showed a decreasing trend both before and after the abrupt temperature change, and the downward trend of its radial growth increased slightly after the abrupt change. Radial growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica changed significantly, with a decreasing trend before the abrupt change and a significant increasing trend after the abrupt change. The response to temperature was enhanced after the abrupt change, with a remarkable positive relationship with the monthly average minimum temperature in May of the present year. The analysis of sliding relationship showed that the sensitivity of L. gmelinii radial growth to climatic factors changed first to increase and then to weaken, and that of P. sylvestris var. mongolica radial growth gradually increased. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Geographical boundary line of the Yellow River’s ‘Ji Zi Bend’ and its main ecological issues. LIU Ren-tao, CHENG Jing Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2025, 36 (2): 383-394.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202502.028 Abstract （440）      PDF（pc） （1151KB）（7）       Knowledge map    Save Due to different positions, goals, and research contents, there was no consistent geographical boundary line on Yellow River’s ‘Ji Zi Bend’. On the basis of geographical location and key ecological position within the national strategic layout, we defined Yellow River’s ‘Ji Zi Bend’ as the geographical boundary lines of “Ji-shaped” area, which started from Lanzhou City on the west till Sanmenxia City on the east, and from Baotou City on the north till the southern fringe of Sanmenxia City, forming a distribution area of the upper and middle reaches of Yellow River. The area covers 24 cities in six provinces, including Gansu Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, and Henan Province. It includes desertified regions in northwestern area, and soil and water loss regions in southeastern area, as well as wetland and alluvial plain alongside both sides of Yellow River, with an area of about 6.04×105 km2 and a population of 6.01×107 persons. The main ecological issues in this region are as below: scarcity and uneven distribution of water resources together with frequent occurrence of extreme climatic events; unequilibrium and poor regulation of water and sand together with serous soil and water loss; great desertification intensification and conflict between land utilization efficiency and ecological security; the conflict between energy resource exploitation and fragile ecological protection; land degradation and environmental pollution. The reasons for these aforementioned issues include: poor natural resources, and susceptible ecological conditions; history brand of desertification and soil and water loss in recent hundred years; the coupling drivers of climate change and human perturbation; the imbalance between increasing intensity of resource exploitation and utilization and regional development. More attention needs to be paid, including: enhancing management and configuration of water resources and the ability of prevention and reduction of natural disasters, being active response to climate changes; suitable measures to local real conditions and categorical policy for the improvement of ecosystem quality and the restoration and conservation of fragile ecosystems; policy coordination and management synergy, and the enhancement of holistic approach and integrating restoration. In the future, we should focus on ecological protection, concentrate on green development of energy resources, promote technological innovation in biodiversity conservation, strengthen the deep integration of biodiversity with ecological industries and green development, cultivate new quality productivity, and help win the battle against the ecological protection “bend” of the Yellow River. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Remote sensing estimation of water volume changes of typical lakes in Xinjiang, China from 1990 to 2021. CHEN Tan, ZHAO Shuang, ZHANG Dapeng Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 3141-3148.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.026 Abstract （402）      PDF（pc） （2381KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save Inland lakes are important surface water resources in arid Central Asia. Due to the superimposed influence of natural factors and human factors, the hydrological characteristics of arid lakes show significant temporal and spatial variations. However, data shortage in this area makes it difficult to carry out detailed and long-term quantitative monitoring of hydrological regimes for different lakes. Based on the Google Earth Engine Platform (GEE), we firstly selected the Landsat 5/7/8 remote sensing image data that completely covered the Saram Lake and Ebinur Lake during 1990-2021, and used the multi-remote sensing index decision tree method to extract the continuous long time series of lake area. Combined with lake water level extracted by CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 alti-meter satellites, we constructed the storage capacity curve based on the relationship between lake area and water level, and estimated the water volume change information of the lakes. Finally, combined with the hydrological, climate and population factors data of the basin, the correlation analysis and random forest method were used to quantitatively compare and analyze the factors of water quantity variation between the two lakes. The results showed that both Saram Lake and Ebinur Lake had expanded during 1990-2021, though with quite different water conditions. The area of Saram Lake increased by only 1.3%, with little interannual variation. The water volume increased by 1.12 km3 at a growth rate of around 0.04 km3·a-1. Conversely, the area of Ebinur Lake experienced a 30.1% expansion and exhibited significant annual fluctuation, averaging approximately 0.01 km3·a-1. Annual precipitation and glacial meltwater were the main factors affecting the water content of the Saram Lake, with contribution rates of 33% and 27%, respectively. However, temperature and precipitation were the main factors affecting the water quantity change of Ebinur Lake, and their contribution rates in the process of water quantity change were both 28%. The aim of this study was to use remote sensing technology to reveal the characteristics of lakes’ dynamic change and the difference of its response to their external environment in arid areas with the shortage of measured data, which would provide scientific reference for lake ecological environment and water resources protection in arid areas. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Review on research methods of the surface urban heat island effect based on CNKI bibliometrics CHEN Cen, LIANG Dezhuang, YANG Jun, HAN Dongrui, QIAO Zhi Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2025, 36 (3): 647-658.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202503.029 Abstract （383）      PDF（pc） （2836KB）（6）       Knowledge map    Save The urban heat island (UHI) effect is an increasingly prominent local climate issue in the process of global urbanization, significantly impacting human settlement health and energy consumption. Based on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, we searched and analyzed Chinese journal articles on the surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect published during 1980 and 2024. Using CiteSpace software, we conducted a visual analysis of publication trends and keywords to systematically summarize the research advances. We reviewed and discussed the research hotspots, including data sources, identification methods, and evaluation indicators related to the surface urban heat island effect. We also proposed the shortages and challenges in current research, such as identification accuracy, mechanism analysis, and impact assessment. More works should be strengthened in future research, including optimizing multi-source data integration with cross-validation, innovating multi-scale dynamic evaluation methods, and enriching multi-dimension impact assessment systems. By reviewing the development process of surface urban heat island effect research in China, we hoped to provide theoretical support and technical guidance for future research, contributing to the deepening and practical application of the research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Global vegetation response to extreme climate from 2001 to 2020 JIAO Penghua, NIU Jianzhi, MIAO Yubo, LI Junyi, WANG Di Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 2992-3004.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202410.022 Abstract （332）      PDF（pc） （5998KB）（85）       Knowledge map    Save Exploring the spatiotemporal variations and response characteristics of global vegetation and extreme climate is of great significance for addressing global climate change and improving ecosystem stability. Based on ERA5 climate data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, we used Sen’s trend analysis, correlation analysis, and random forest regression model to explore the responses of NDVI of five vegetation types (boreal and temperate forest, tropical forest, other woody vegetation, grassland, and cropland) to 23 extreme climate indices from 2001 to 2020. The results showed that global NDVI showed an overall increasing trend from 2001 to 2020. The areas with the most significant growth trend was boreal and temperate forest, and the least significant growth trend occurred in cropland. In terms of extreme climate index, except for a few extreme high temperature and low temperature indices, the other indices showed an increasing trend. Across different vegetation areas, the extreme climate index that had the greatest influence on NDVI was different. The results of correlation analysis showed that the indices with the greatest impact on NDVI in the boreal and temperate forest, tropical forest, other woody vegetation, grassland, and cropland were cold days, ice days, annual total precipitation, annual total precipitation, and annual total precipitation, respectively. The results of random forest analysis showed that the indices with the greatest impact on NDVI in each vegetation zone were cold days, warm night days, frost days, warm days, and the cold spell duration index, respectively. The reason for the different results between the two methods was that correlation analysis only reflected linear relationships between variables, while the random forest regression model could capture more complex nonlinear relationships. Our results showed that the response of global vegetation to extreme climate had significant regional differences and complexities, which may result from interactions between different climate factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research advances in plant genome size in relation to functional traits and environmental adaptation. XU Yinlong, YANG Siqi, YE Jiaqi, MO Yu, WU Shuai, ZHAO Yu, ZHANG Jing, BAO Yajing Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 3217-3224.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.011 Abstract （319）      PDF（pc） （1649KB）（32）       Knowledge map    Save Plant genome size, the sum of the DNA content of a complete set of haplo groups within a given plant species, is an important aspect of biological characterization. There is abundant genome size diversity in eukaryotes. Plant genome size is closely associated with a range of functional traits from the nucleus to individual level, exerts a vital role in shaping plant functional traits, and helps plants present different response strategies to environmental variables. We viewed the relationship between plant genome size and functional traits, such as cell size, stomatal size and density, photosynthetic functional traits, cell cycle, and seed mass. Their response and adaptation mechanisms to environmental variables, such as temperature, precipitation, altitude, nutrients, and heavy metal pollution, were discussed. Finally, the combination of genome size with functional traits and environmental adaptations was encouraged to deeply explore the response and adaptation mechanisms of plants to environmental changes in the context of global change. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Relationship between urban form and surface temperature based on XGBoost SHAP interpretable machine learning model TAN Jie, WEI Qianjun, LIAO Zhaoyang, KUANG Wenjun, DENG Huiting, YU De Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2025, 36 (3): 659-670.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202503.025 Abstract （303）      PDF（pc） （4123KB）（1）       Knowledge map    Save With the increase of high-rise buildings in major cities worldwide, exploring the effects of urban two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphology on land surface temperature (LST) has become the key to mitigating the urban thermal environment and optimizing urban planning. Using the area within the Third Ring Road of Changsha as a case, we extracted 13 urban 2D/3D morphological factors based on 2020 multi-source remote sensing data. We used Pearson correlation analysis to examine the relationship between LST and each factor, and used the XGBoost model and SHAP method to reveal their nonlinear impacts and contributions. The results showed that in 2020, high-temperature regions mainly concentrated in the building-dense central area of Changsha, while low-temperature areas predominantly located in the forest parks in the western and northeastern parts of the city, as well as along the Xiangjiang River. The normalized difference building index (NDBI), nighttime lighting (NTL) and proportion of construction land (PCL) exhibited significant positive correlations with LST, with correlation coefficients of 0.592, 0.537 and 0.446, respectively, indicating that urbanization exacerbated surface warming. In contrast, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the sky view coefficient (SVF) showed significant negative correlation with LST, with correlation coefficients of -0.316 and -0.200, respectively, reflecting the important role of green space and open space in mitigating the urban heat island effect. NDBI, NTL, NDVI, and elevation (DEM) had the greatest influence on LST, contributing 60.9% of the total variance. These 2D/3D morphological factors exhibited complex nonlinear effects on LST. NDBI had the most significant warming effect in the range from 0 to 0.2. The warming effect of NTL tended to saturate when its intensity exceeded 40. The cooling effect of NDVI became more pronounced as it surpassed 0.5. DEM values between 50 and 150 m produced the most signifi-cant cooling effect. This study validated the effectiveness of the XGBoost-SHAP model in uncovering the nonlinear mechanisms through which urban 2D/3D morphological factors influenced LST, offering scientific insights for urban heat management and the development of green, low-carbon, and livable urbanization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of drought and re-irrigation on osmotic regulator and hydraulic function of Pinus tabuliformis. MAO Jirong, ZENG Yan, XU Xinyu, LIANG Jing, LIU Ying Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 2959-2965.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.019 Abstract （293）      PDF（pc） （1586KB）（64）       Knowledge map    Save Understanding how plants respond to drought and re-irrigation is crucial for the successful breeding of seedlings in artificial forests in semi-arid regions of China, as the frequency of high-intensity drought events has significantly increased in these areas. We conducted an experiment with four drought stress treatments, including no reduction in rainfall (control), 25% reduction in rainfall (mild stress), 50% reduction in rainfall (moderate stress), and 75% reduction in rainfall (severe stress). We subjected two-year-old Pinus tabuliformis seedlings to a long-term drought stress period of 20 months, followed by a high-intensity drought treatment (continuous 80 days with 100% rainfall reduction). Additionally, we administered re-irrigation treatments lasting 10 days on days 10, 40, 70, and 80 of the high-intensity drought period. We aimed to investigate the relationships among hydraulic conductivity, percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity, and the content of osmotic adjustment substances in new branches of P. tabuliformis, as well as their responses to drought. The results showed that under long-term drought stress, the water potential threshold at which hydraulic conductivity loss reached 50% for new branches under mild stress was -2.04 MPa, which was significantly lower than that of the other treatments. After 80 days of high-intensity drought, the proline content in new branches increased significantly by 19.9% to 226.0% compared to the initial value. Redundancy analysis showed that proline explained 40.4% of the variability in hydraulic function and was the primary osmotic adjustment substance during high-intensity drought. During re-irrigation, soluble sugars explained 29.4% of the variability in hydraulic function and were the main osmotic adjustment substances in this stage. Different factors accounted for the differences in hydraulic function of P. tabuliformis during drought and re-irrigation. Mild stress enhanced the embolism resistance under the long-term drought. New branches of P. tabuliformis maintained normal water transport by accumulating proline in response to high-intensity drought. During re-irrigation, soluble sugars were significantly positively correlated with hydraulic conductivity, which facilitated embolism repair and enhanced the recovery of hydraulic function. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effect of enhanced silicate minerals weathering on carbon sequestration by plant-soil systems in rice fields WANG Fangna, ZHU Feifei, LI Yinghua, LIU Deze, QU Yuying, QIN Yujing, WANG Ying-ying, WANG Wenchao, XIE Jin, FANG Yunting Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (10): 2733-2743.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202410.017 Abstract （287）      PDF（pc） （2549KB）（47）       Knowledge map    Save Successive crop harvest results in soil silicon (Si) loss, which constantly reduces soil available Si. Agricultural measures that can increase the availability of soil Si are in urgent need in agroecosystems. Enhanced weathering of silicate minerals can effectively replenish soil Si, which will promote plant uptake of Si, formation of plant phytolith occluded carbon (PhytOC), and the sequestration of atmospheric CO2. In addition, the process of silicate mineral weathering can promote soil carbon (C) sequestration. In this study, we applied silicate mineral wollasto-nite powder to rice fields in Liaoning Province to investigate effects of the enhanced weathering process on soil available Si, changes in phytolith carbon (PhytOC) content in plant-soil systems, and the content of various soil C forms. The results showed that the application of wollastonite powder could significantly increase the available Si content in the surface soil (53%), promote rice dry biomass production (12% increase in rice grains and 4% increase in straw), increase the phytOC content (4% increase in rice grains and 26% increase in straw), which together resulted in 25% increase in phytOC production fluxes. The application of wollastonite powder tended to increase both inorganic and organic C content in the soil, resulting in 13% increases of soil total C content. In summary, enhanced weathering of silicate minerals could effectively increase soil available Si in paddy soil, promote rice Si absorption and phytOC formation, and enhance soil CO2 sequestration, achieving the effect of coordinated carbon sequestration from both above- and below-ground. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Radial growth responses of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica with different stand ages and diameter classes to drought events. SUN Haokang, HAN Jiaxuan, JIA Jianheng, ZHANG Zihang, FU Lihua, ZHANG Yan, GUO Mingming Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 2942-2950.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.004 Abstract （287）      PDF（pc） （2082KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Save We explored the differences in the impacts of drought events on Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica of different ages (30 and 40 years) and different diameter classes (large 20-24.9 cm, medium 15-19.9 cm, small 10-14.9 cm) in the Saihanba Nature Reserve. Based on the tree ring width index (RWI), we analyzed the correlation between radial growth and climatic factors and their ecological resilience to drought events. The results showed that the RWI of 30-year-old small-diameter trees was significantly positively correlated with standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) from September to December of the previous year and February of the current year. RWI of 30-year-old large-diameter and medium-diameter trees was correlated with SPEI from September of the previous year to June of the current year, but the correlation was statistically non-significant. The RWI of 40-year-old large-diameter trees was significantly negatively correlated with the maximum mean temperature in October of the previous year and June of the current year, as well as the mean temperature in June of the current year. The RWI of 40-year-old medium-diameter trees was significantly negatively correlated with the maximum mean temperature and mean temperature in October of the previous year and significantly positively correlated with SPEI in July of the current year. The RWI of 40-year-old small-diameter trees was significantly positively correlated with SPEI from September of the previous year to June of the current year. The resistance of radial growth of trees with different ages to four drought events (40 years old significantly higher than 30 years old) and the resilience exhibited a significant downward trend, while the recovery showed a significant upward trend (40 years old significantly lower than 30 years old). Within the same age group, the responses of P. sylvestris var. mongolica with different diameter classes to drought events were different. The resistance and resilience of large and medium diameter classes of 40-year-old trees were significantly higher than those of small diameter class trees, but their recovery showed no significant difference. For 30-year-old trees, there were no significant differences in resistance, recovery, or resilience among different diameter classes. P. sylvestris var. mongolica of different ages and diameter classes experienced varying degrees of drought stress, resulting in a significant decrease in resilience. The 40-year-old trees exhibited high resistance, while the 30-year-old trees showed high recovery capability. Small diameter class trees were most severely affected by drought stress. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Wild boar resource and its conflict with human in Zhejiang Province, East China TAN Liping, LIU Junchen, WANG Jianwu, SONG Xiao, ZHANG Shusheng, CHEN Feng, ZHAO Shanshan, XU Aichun Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (10): 2907-2915.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202410.029 Abstract （283）      PDF（pc） （2166KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save Human-wildlife conflict is one of the important research topics in biodiversity and conservation. Understanding the status of wildlife resources and its conflict with human could promote the sustainable protection and management of wildlife. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is one of the most widely distributed ungulates in the world, with an increasing population and recently rising levels of conflict with human. Research on wild boar abundance, distribution and crop damage is an urgent priority in Zhejiang Province, China. We set up a total of 1271 infrared cameras in 11 districts/counties of Zhejiang Province from January 2019 to August 2023 and surveyed the levels of wild boar damage in 90 districts/counties. Results showed that: 1) a total of 5226 independent photos of wild boar were obtained. Based on the random encounter model, the density and number of wild boars in Zhejiang Province was (1.8±0.4) ind·km-2 and (115156±24072) individuals, respectively. 2) Wild boar damage occurred in 60.0% of the districts/counties in Zhejiang Province. The three cities that most seriously damaged by wild boar were Lishui, Hangzhou and Jinhua. 3) The number of conflicts between human and wild boar was positively correlated with vegetation area and negatively correlated with GDP. The area of vegetation damaged by wild boar was positively correlated with the total area of regional vegetation. We found that wild boars are distributed in 11 prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province and the population is large. The damage of wild boars and conflicts with people are particularly serious in the mountainous areas in south and west. The damage of wild boars is strongly correlated with vegetation area and GDP. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Ecological stoichiometry in leaves, branches, and soils of Pinus tabuliformis at different stand ages in the Taihang Mountains, China. ZHANG Jiaxin, LI Yixuan, CAO Jiansheng, LI Wei, WANG Nan, ZHANG Yu Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 2966-2974.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.005 Abstract （278）      PDF（pc） （3193KB）（46）       Knowledge map    Save To understand the changes and relationship of plant-soil eco-stoichiometric characteristics of Pinus tabuliformis plantations with stand ages, we investigated P. tabuliformis plantations of different stand ages (10, 23, 39, and 47 years old) in the Taihang Mountains. We measured the concentration and stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in leaves, branches, and soils at different layers. We analyzed the relationship between leaf, branch nutrient characteristics and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that soil C and N contents decreased after an initial increase with increasing stand ages, being the maximum at the 39 years old stand, while P content was the maximum at 47 years old stand. Soil C:P and N:P of the 23 years old stand were significantly higher than that of other stand ages, indicating that P was the limiting factor for P. tabuliformis growth. With increasing soil depth, the concentration of C, N, P, C:P and N:P in soils of different stand ages decreased, while the C:N increased, suggesting an enhanced N limitation. The stoichiometric characteristics of soils at different depths varied significantly among different stand ages, particularly in the upper soil layers (0-20 cm). The N content in leaves and branches increased first and then decreased, while the P content decreased first and then increased. The C:P and N:P in leaves and branches were higher at 23 years old, indicating a synergistic effect of nutrient acquisition between leaves and branches. Soil C concentration was significantly positively correlated with leaf N, while soil C:N was significantly positively correlated with branch C:N. There was a stronger correlation in the deeper soil layers (20-60 cm) than the upper soil layers. Soil sand content and N:P were key factors influencing nutrients in leaves, while soil P and C contents were the main factors influencing nutrients in branches. Soil water content (SWC), soil N content, and soil C:N jointly regulated nutrient variations in leaves and branches. Compared to the upper soil layers, the deeper soil layers showed a more pronounced N limitation. The impact of SWC on nutrient availability was relatively minor. Soil C:N (17.0) was higher than the national average, while the N:P in both leaves (8.2) and branches (8.3) were lower than 14, indicating increasing N limitation with increa-sing stand ages. To ensure the development of P. tabuliformis plantations and improve nutrient cycling, P and N fertilizers could be applied during the mid to late growth stages of P. tabuliformis plantations. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Root architecture characteristics of four dominant annual herbs in Tengger Desert, China. LOU Keer, QU Wenjie, WANG Lei, WANG Xing, GAO Yonggui, ZHANG Bo, YOU Wanxue, YANG Xinguo Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 3015-3022.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.008 Abstract （276）      PDF（pc） （1116KB）（36）       Knowledge map    Save To investigate the adaptability of annual herbaceous species in deserts, we collected root samples of four common annual herbaceous plants in the sand-fixing vegetation area on the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert, namely Agriophyllum squarrosum, Stilpnolepis centiflora, Corispermum hyssopifolium, and Grubovia dasyphylla, through the traditional excavation approach. Based on the quantification of root morphology indicators, we analyzed root characteristics using geometric topology and fractal theory, and compared the diversity of root characteristics and the differences in adaptation mechanisms among the four species. The results showed that root-shoot ratio and root depth-width ratio of the four species followed an order of A. squarrosum > S. centiflora > C. hyssopifolium > G. dasyphylla. The specific root length and specific surface area followed an order of A. squarrosum < S. centiflora < C. hyssopifolium < G. dasyphylla. The root topology index TI and the modified topology indices qa and qb exhibited the same trend, with an order of A. squarrosum > S. centiflora > C. hyssopifolium > G. dasyphylla. The root fractal dimensions of A. squarrosum, S. centiflora, C. hyssopifolium, and G. dasyphylla were 1.215, 1.278, 1.387 and 1.631, and the root fractal abundances were 3.528, 3.248, 2.479 and 2.451, respectively. A. squarrosum and S. centiflora adopted a high growth resource strategy, featuring simple root structure, tending towards the fish-tail-shaped branching structure, and possessing strong abilities of vertical resource acquisition and spatial expansion, while C. hyssopifolium and G. dasyphylla adopted a high-quality resource strategy, having more complex root structure, with forked branching and higher resource utilization efficiency. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Optimal inversion model for cultivated land soil salinity based on UAV hyperspectral data. CHENG Junkai, FENG Xiuli, CHEN Libo, GAO Tianyu, DU Meijin, LIU Zhiyuan Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 3085-3094.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.012 Abstract （276）      PDF（pc） （2880KB）（34）       Knowledge map    Save Soil salinization is a common factor constraining agricultural production safety, achieving rapid and accurate acquisition of cultivated land soil salinity information is of paramount importance for ameliorating and resolving soil salinization problems. In this study, with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral remote sensing data as the data source, we selected feature band subsets using various spectral transformation data based on different land use statuses of cultivated land, to compare the model accuracies of Support Vector Machine (SVR), Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Random Forest regression (RFR), and propose the optimal inversion model for regional cultivated land soil salinity. The results showed that the inversion model combining first-order differential spectral transformation data with RFR achieved the highest accuracy. Extracting feature bands separately for cultivated land with different land use statuses would ensure a higher overall model accuracy, with a coefficient of determination of 0.885, a root mean square error of 0.413, and a ratio of performance to deviation of 4.208. Our results could provide a reference for achieving high-precision inversion of soil salinity in cultivated land by UAV hyperspectral technology, and offer scientific support for the prevention and control of soil salinization in cultivated land. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Impact of litter decomposition driven by nitrogen deposition on the soil organic carbon fractions in a Moso bamboo forest JIANG Mingkai, MA Shuqin, XIONG Yanyun, WU Yiqing, WU Shuqian, QIAN Jinyao, CHEN Youchao, CAI Yanjiang Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 2983-2991.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.015 Abstract （260）      PDF（pc） （1411KB）（45）       Knowledge map    Save Soil organic carbon turnover and stabilization are closely related to nitrogen deposition and litter decomposition. However, there are great uncertainties about how the decomposition of bamboo litter driven by nitrogen deposition affects soil organic carbon components. To investigate the effects of nitrogen deposition-driven litter decomposition on soil organic carbon components, we conducted an experiment at the Anji Moso bamboo ecosystem research station of Zhejiang A&F University with nitrogen treatments (N, 50 kg N·hm-2·a-1; CK, control with equal amount of water) and litter treatments (L, litter retention; LR, litter removal) to analyze changes in litter mass loss, soil physicochemical properties, particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), and soil extracellular enzyme activity (EEAs). The results showed that nitrogen application significantly reduced the mass loss of leaf litter. Nitrogen application significantly increased POC content and decreased MAOC content, but litter retention significantly increased the contents of POC and MAOC in soil. Nitrogen application significantly decreased the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-xylosidase (BX), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminnidase (NAG), phenol oxidase (POX), and peroxidase (PER), while litter retention significantly increased the activities of BG, POX, and PER. Results of correlation analysis and random forest analysis showed that the key factors affecting the decomposition of Moso bamboo litter under nitrogen treatment were BG, PER, pH, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and POX. Through redundancy analysis (RDA) and regression fitting analysis, we found that POC was significantly negatively correlated with mass loss, MBC, BG, CBH, POX and PER, and significantly positively correlated with ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N). MAOC was significantly positively correlated with mass loss, pH, MBC, CBH, NAG, POX and PER, and negatively correlated with microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN). In conclusion, nitrogen deposition inhibits bamboo leaf litter decomposition by reducing extracellular enzyme activities, thereby increasing soil POC content and decreasing MAOC content. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Connotation, characteristics, significance, and development pathways of new quality productive force in agriculture HUANG Guoqin Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2025, 36 (4): 1281-1288.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202504.040 Abstract （249）      PDF（pc） （461KB）（0）       Knowledge map    Save Since General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed the concept of “new quality productive force” in September 2023, the term “new quality productive force in agriculture” has also been proposed and attracked increased attention. The new quality productive force in agriculture is the application and specific expression of the new quality productive force in the area of agriculture. Its essence is the transformation, application and industrialization of modern high-tech achievements in agriculture, aiming to generate new industry, new business type, new mode, new kinetic energy, and new functions, to achieve high efficiency of resources, high efficiency of production, high speed of development, high quality of products, and high-quality talents, to promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and ultimately to build a powerful agricultural country. Compared with the traditional agricultural productivity, there are eight new characteristics in new quality productive force of agriculture, including progressiveness, low-carbon, efficient, diversified, innovative, integrated, shared, and high-end. Developing new quality productive force of agriculture has important theoretical and practical significance. Firstly, it is conducive to increasing agricultural output and maintaining food security. Secondly, it would promote the increase of farmerś income and the prosperity of rural economy. Thirdly, it helps improve agricultural efficiency and build a strong agricultural country. Fourthly, it could advance the ecological environment and build a beautiful China. Fifthly, it would help lead the development of world agriculture and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. The main pathways for cultivating and developing the new quality productive force of agriculture include: strengthening scientific and technological innovation, collecting ‘high-quality' data, developing new types of machinery and tools, developing new quality industries, optimizing the ecological environment, cultivating new quality talents, and establishing a new system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Prediction of the potential distribution area of endangered medicinal plant Gymnadenia conopsea in China under the background of climate change. CHA Suna, QI Bore, HU Hongxia, A Latancunbuer, YONG Xian, AO Wuliji, BAO Jinhua, CAO Wujisiguleng Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 3023-3030.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.023 Abstract （243）      PDF（pc） （2810KB）（38）       Knowledge map    Save Gymnadenia conopsea is an endangered medicinal plant. Due to climate change and human activities, as well as the low reproductive capacity, the wild resources of G. conopsea are extremely scarce and it has been listed in the Chinese National Second Level Protected Plant List. Predicting the potential suitable distribution area of G. conopsea is crucial for the conservation and sustainable utilization. With climate and soil data from 118 distribution points, we used MaxEnt model combined with ArcGIS technology to predict the suitable distribution area of G. conopsea in China under future climate change. The results showed that the area value (ACU) under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.808, indicating good prediction performance. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of G. conopsea were mean temperature of the warmest quarter, seasonal precipita-tion, soil factors such as the subsoil sodicity (30-100 cm), topsoil gravel (0-30 cm), subsoil cation exchange capacity (30-100 cm), annual precipitation and precipitation of the driest month. At present, the potential total suitable distribution area of G. conopsea in China was about 50.22×105 km2, concentrated in north, northeast and southwest China, including Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan, Shanxi and Southeast Xizang. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable habitat range would shrink, and migrate to higher altitude regions such as Xizang, Yunnan, and Sichuan, indicating that global warming may pose a threat. This result could provide scientific basis for the ecological protection, resource development, and sustainable utilization strategies of G. conopsea germplasm resources. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of drought on the xylem formation process and growth of Betula platyphylla and Fraxinus mandshurica XIE Yushuang, HAN Bingxin, LIU Di, LEI Yiting, WANG Xiaochun Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2025, 36 (5): 1289-1297.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202505.004 Abstract （241）      PDF（pc） （4576KB）（0）       Knowledge map    Save We investigated the effects of drought on xylem formation of two-year-old potted Betula platyphylla (diffuse-porous wood) and Fraxinus mandshurica (ring-porous wood) seedlings in Northeast China. With normal water treatment as the control (75% field water capacity), we examined the effects of mild drought (50% field water capacity) and severe drought (30% field water capacity) on xylem anatomical characteristics, stem hormone concentrations, and root enzyme activities. The results showed that mild and severe drought significantly reduced the height of B. platyphylla by 23.5% and 27.0%, respectively, but had no significant effect on the height and basal diameter of F. mandshurica. Severe drought significantly decreased the vessel area of B. platyphylla by 31.0% and 33.5% in the mid-term (2 months of water control) and late-term (4 months of water control) treatment stages, respectively, while significantly increased the vessel density by 63.8% and 47.8%, respectively. In contrast, the vessel area of F. mandshurica change little, but the vessel density significantly increased by 66.1% and 110.5%, respectively. Mild and severe drought significantly increased the superoxide dismutase activity in B. platyphylla (45.4% and 35.3%) and F. mandshurica (26.2% and 33.1%), but had no significant effect on catalase activity. Under mild and severe droughts, the activity of peroxidase did not change in B. platyphylla but significantly decreased by 32.0% and 25.0% in F. mandshurica, respectively. Drought significantly decreased the indole-3-acetic acid concentration in stems of both species. The gibberellin concentration in B. platyphylla significantly decreased by 14.9% in the early stage of drought and then stabilized, while in F. mandshurica, it initially increased and then decreased under mild drought but showed no significant change under severe drought. During drought, the abscisic acid concentration in B. platyphylla significantly decreased by 4.3% to 14.1%, while it significantly increased by 7.4% to 16.5% in F. mandshurica, respectively. In conclusion, drought influences xylem formation and growth in broad-leaved trees by regulating hormone concentrations (such as indole-3-acetic acid) and antioxidant enzyme activities (such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase), with the effects being modulated by tree species properties and the intensity and duration of drought. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2024, 35 (11): 0-0.   Abstract （234）      PDF（pc） （17633KB）（72）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Habitat fragmentation and biodiversity response: Controversy, attribution, and prospects. CAO Yu, DENG Boyang, WANG Yajuan, YE Jiayang, SU Dan, FANG Xiaoqian Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology    2025, 36 (2): 625-636.   DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202502.011 Abstract （231）      PDF（pc） （910KB）（6）       Knowledge map    Save As global ecosystems continue to degrade, the impact of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity has become a critical issue in biodiversity conservation. However, both negative and positive impacts of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity have been reported in different studies. The coexistence and exchange of opposing views has increasingly evolved into debates based on inherent positions, which seriously restricts the further research development and the theoretical guidance of biodiversity conservation. We reviewed the connotation and measurement methods of habitat fragmentation, as well as the connotation of different levels of biodiversity. We revealed the academic divergence on this issue at different levels of biodiversity, and found such divergence at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels of biodiversity. We analyzed the reasons for these differences, and discussed the existing problems and directions of future research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）