佛山市生态网络构建及优化

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在快速城市化背景下,经济发达地区生境斑块破碎化问题尤为突出,生物多样性受到严重威胁,构建生态网络是连接生境斑块和保护生物栖息地的重要手段。本研究以发展较快的广东省佛山市为研究区域,利用连接度指数和形态学空间格局分析方法提取出生态源地,基于InVEST模型和最小累积阻力模型识别出潜在生态廊道,结合水文分析所提取出的辐射道,共同构建佛山市生态网络。通过增加生态源地和踏脚石、识别生态断裂点对生态网络进行优化,最后基于网络分析法和电路理论,从结构和功能两方面对优化前后的网络进行评价。结果表明: 佛山市生态网络由10个生态源地、8条重要廊道、37条一般廊道和11条辐射道构成。优化后新增生态源地7个、规划廊道17条、踏脚石13个、生态断裂点80个;优化后的生态网络闭合度指数、线点率指数、连接度指数分别为0.59、1.94、0.73,优化后的电流密度最大值由1.39升高至9.66,说明优化后的生态网络结构更加完善、连通性显著提升。

关键词: 生态网络, InVEST模型, 形态学空间格局分析, 最小累积阻力模型, 电路理论

Abstract: Under the background of rapid urbanization, the problem of fragmented habitat patches in economically developed areas is particularly prominent, where biodiversity is seriously threa-tened. Therefore, the construction of ecological network is an important measure to connect habitat patches and protect biological habitats. We extracted ecological source areas of Foshan City by using the connectivity index and morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA). Potential ecological corridors were identified based on InVEST model and minimal cumulative resistance (MCR). Combining the radiation channels extracted from hydrological analysis to build an ecological network in Foshan City. The ecological network was optimized by adding ecological source areas, stepping stones, and identifying fracture points. Finally, the network before and after optimization was evalua-ted from the aspects of both structure and function based on network analysis method and circuit theory. The results showed that ecological network in Foshan City was composed of 10 ecological source areas, 8 important corridors, 37 general corridors, and 11 radiation channels. After optimization, 7 new ecological source areas, 17 planning corridors, 13 stepping stones, and 80 fracture points were added. After optimization, the ecological network closure, the line rate index and the connection degree index were 0.59, 1.94, and 0.73, respectively. The maximum current density increased from 1.39 to 9.66 after optimization, indicating that the optimized ecological network structure was more perfect and highly connective.

Key words: ecological network, InVEST model, morphological spatial pattern analysis, minimal cumulative resistance, circuit theory

沈钦炜, 林美玲, 莫惠萍, 黄宇斌, 胡欣雨, 魏凌伟, 郑郁善, 陆东芳. 佛山市生态网络构建及优化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(9): 3288-3298.

SHEN Qin-wei, LIN Mei-ling, MO Hui-ping, HUANG Yu-bin, HU Xin-yu, WEI Ling-wei, ZHENG Yu-shan, LU Dong-fang. Ecological network construction and optimization in Foshan City, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(9): 3288-3298.

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