宏观生态系统科学整合研究的多学科知识融合及其技术途径

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.040

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 3031-3044.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.040

所属专题：于贵瑞院士主编观点

宏观生态系统科学整合研究的多学科知识融合及其技术途径

于贵瑞^1,2*, 任小丽^1,2*, 杨萌^1,2, 陈智^1,2

¹中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101;
²中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-05-06 接受日期:2021-06-18 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn, renxl@igsnrr.ac.cn
作者简介:于贵瑞, 男, 1959 年生, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要从事生态学与自然地理学交叉研究。E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31988102,41671045)资助

Multi-disciplinary knowledge integration and its technical approaches in the integrated ecology of macroecosystem science

YU Gui-rui^1,2*, REN Xiao-li^1,2*, YANG Meng^1,2, CHEN Zhi^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
²College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-05-06 Accepted:2021-06-18 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2022-03-15
Contact: * E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn, renxl@igsnrr.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31988102, 41671045).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综合认识大尺度的宏观生态系统结构功能、空间变异和动态演变的过程机理和模式机制,实现对生态系统变化及其对人类福祉影响的定量模拟、科学评估和预测预警,服务生态系统的利用保护及调控管理,是当代宏观生态系统科学的重要发展方向,正在孕育并形成大尺度的宏观生态系统科学整合生态学(IEMES)研究新领域。本研究通过对宏观生态系统科学整合生态学研究的基础理论、多学科知识融合途径及其关键技术问题的系统分析,形成以下几个基本认识: 1)宏观生态系统科学整合生态学研究是以区域、大陆和全球尺度的宏观生态系统为研究对象,采用多学科知识融合方法和技术,致力于解决人类社会发展的食物安全、资源安全、生态安全、环境安全等重大资源环境问题。2)宏观生态系统科学整合生态学研究的基本科技任务是: 理解宏观生态系统的结构功能基本属性,监测生态系统状态变化,解释生态系统时空演变规律,认知生态系统运维过程机理,定量评估生态系统功能状态及服务能力,预测生态系统动态演变及地理格局,预警生态系统变化及生态环境灾害。3)宏观生态系统科学整合生态学研究需要重新构造“多源数据分析-多模型模拟-多学科知识融合”的理论和方法学体系,发展“多尺度观测、多方法印证、多过程融合、跨尺度模拟”的多学科知识融合关键技术。4)大陆尺度的地基-空基-天基多时空尺度生态系统观测试验网络是承载多学科知识深度融合研究的基础科技设施,需要围绕区域、大陆和全球尺度的宏观生态系统科学问题,发展多要素-多过程-多界面-多介质-多尺度-多方法的多学科维度生态学知识融合关键技术。

关键词: 宏观生态系统科学, 整合生态学, 多学科知识融合, 多尺度协同观测, 多源数据分析, 数据-模型融合, 跨尺度生态系统模拟

Abstract: The development of contemporary macroecosystem sciences requires to comprehensively understand the process mechanism and model mechanism of large-scale macroecosystem structure and function, spatial variation, and dynamic evolution, to realize quantitative simulation, scientific assessment, prediction and early warning of ecosystem change and its impacts on human well-being, and to serve the utilization, protection, regulation, and management of ecosystems. Therefore, a new research field of large-scale integrated ecology of macroecosystem science (IEMES) is emerging. Based on the systematic analysis of the basic theories, approaches and key technologies of integrated ecology of macroecosystem science, the following basic understandings have been formed: 1) IEMES takes macroecosystem at regional, continental, and global scales as the research object, and adopts the methods and technologies of multidisciplinary knowledge integration. It is aimed to solve the major resource and environmental problems during the development of human society, such as food security, resource security, ecological security, and environmental security. 2) The basic scientific and technological tasks of IEMES are to understand the basic structural and functional properties of macroecosystem, monitor the changes of ecosystem state, explain the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem, uncover the mechanism of ecosystem operation and maintenance process, quantitatively evaluate the functional state and service capacity of ecosystem, predict the dynamic evolution and geographical pattern of ecosystem, provide early warning of ecosystem changes and ecological environmental disasters. 3) It is needed to reconstruct the theory and methodology system of “multi-source data analysis, multi-model simulation, multi-disciplinary knowledge fusion” and develop key technology of multi-disciplinary knowledge fusion of “multi-scale observation, multi-method verification, multi-process fusion, and cross-scale simulation” for IEMES. 4) The continental scale multi-spatiotemporal ecosystem observation and experiment network is the basic scientific and technological facility to carry out deep integration of multi-disciplinary knowledge. It is necessary to develop key technology of multi-disciplinary ecological knowledge integration of multi-factor, multi-process, multi-interface, multi-medium, multi-scale, and multi-method around the regional, continental, and global scale macroecosystem science issues.

Key words: macroecosystem science, integrated ecology, the integration of multi-disciplinary knowledge, multi-scale cooperative observation, multi-source data analysis, data-model fusion, cross scale ecosystem simulation

于贵瑞, 任小丽, 杨萌, 陈智. 宏观生态系统科学整合研究的多学科知识融合及其技术途径[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(9): 3031-3044.

YU Gui-rui, REN Xiao-li, YANG Meng, CHEN Zhi. Multi-disciplinary knowledge integration and its technical approaches in the integrated ecology of macroecosystem science[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(9): 3031-3044.

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宏观生态系统科学整合研究的多学科知识融合及其技术途径

Multi-disciplinary knowledge integration and its technical approaches in the integrated ecology of macroecosystem science

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[2]	于贵瑞, 张雷明, 张扬建, 杨萌. 大尺度陆地生态系统状态变化及其资源环境效应的立体化协同联网观测 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(6): 1903-1918.
[3]	于贵瑞, 陈智, 张维康, 杨萌. 试论宏观生态系统科学研究的多学科维度基本问题及其方法体系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(5): 1531-1544.
[4]	于贵瑞, 杨萌, 陈智, 张雷明. 大尺度区域生态环境治理及国家生态安全格局构建的技术途径和战略布局 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1141-1153.
[5]	于贵瑞, 陈智, 杨萌, 王秋凤. 大尺度陆地生态系统科学研究的理论基础及其技术体系之探讨 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(2): 377-391.