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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1581-1588.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202206.035

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

高寒区大豆关键生育期低温冷害指标构建

吕佳佳1,2,3, 朱海霞1,2,3, 曲辉辉1,2,3, 高西宁4, 李玉冬5, 王晾晾1,2,3, 闫平1,2,3*, 姜丽霞1,2,3   

  1. 1中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室, 哈尔滨 150030;
    2黑龙江省气象院士工作站, 哈尔滨 150030;
    3黑龙江省气象科学研究所, 哈尔滨 150030;
    4沈阳农业大学, 沈阳 110866;
    5拜泉县气象局, 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161000
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-26 接受日期:2022-04-03 发布日期:2022-12-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: di-chun@163.com
  • 作者简介:吕佳佳, 女, 1983年生, 高级工程师。主要从事气候变化、农业气象研究。E-mail: wflljj@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2020D017)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2020SYIAEHZ1)资助。

Establishment of indices for soybean low temperature damages in key growth stage in high cold region

LYU Jia-jia1,2,3, ZHU Hai-xia1,2,3, QU Hui-hui1,2,3, GAO Xi-ning4, LI Yu-dong5, WANG Liang-liang1,2,3, YAN Ping1,2,3*, JIANG Li-xia1,2,3   

  1. 1Innovation and Opening Laboratory of Eco-Meteorology in Northeast China, China Meteorological Administration, Harbin 150030, China;
    2Meteorogical Academician Workstation of Heilongjiang Pro-vince, Harbin 150030, China;
    3Heilongjiang Province Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Harbin 150030, China;
    4Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866;
    5Baiquan Meteorological Station, Qiqihar 161000, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2021-08-26 Accepted:2022-04-03 Published:2022-12-15

摘要: 构建高寒区大豆低温冷害指标对系统分析高寒区大豆适应气候变化对策、防灾减灾及其他胁迫的协同适应技术具有参考意义。本研究利用1980—2020年黑龙江省大豆低温冷害灾情史料、生育期资料及研究区78个气象站逐日气温资料,采用GIS技术匹配生育期与气象数据,考虑不同生育阶段积温距平、日平均气温低于生育下限温度的持续日数,构建高寒区大豆综合性冷害指数。利用K-S分布拟合检验及置信区间下限值确定阈值方法,构建高寒区大豆关键生育阶段低温冷害等级指标。结果表明: 大豆播种-出苗期,研究区大豆轻度、中度、重度冷害低温指数下限值分别为0.061、0.115、0.237;出苗-开花期分别为0.072、0.152、0.312;开花-成熟期分别为0.133、0.245、0.412。由低温指数反演的黑龙江省大豆低温冷害时间分布与历史灾情记载吻合度很高;空间上表现出较明显的纬度特征,冷害发生频率呈自南向北逐渐增加的趋势。

关键词: 高寒区大豆, 生育期, 低温冷害, 低温指数

Abstract: Establishment of indices for low temperature damage of soybeans is important for systematically analyzing the adaptation strategies to climate change and collaborative adaptation technology for disaster prevention and mitigation and other stresses in high cold region. Based on historical data of low temperature damage and phenophase of soybean from 1980 to 2020 and daily temperature data from 78 meteorological stations in Heilongjiang Province, we used GIS to match the phenophase and meteorological data, by considering the accumulated temperature anomaly in different growth stages, and constructed a comprehensive soybean low temperature damages index (CSCDI) in high cold region. Using K-S distribution fitting test and the lower limit value of confidence intervals, we constructed the level index of soybean low temperature damage. The results showed that the CSCDI lower limits of mild, moderate and severe low temperature damage were 0.061, 0.115 and 0.237 from sowing to emergence stage, were 0.072, 0.152 and 0.312 from emergence to flowering, and 0.133, 0.245 and 0.412 from flowering to maturity, respectively. The time distribution of soybean low temperature damage inversed by CSCDI in Heilongjiang Province was consistent with the historical disaster records. The spatial distribution showed obvious latitude characteristics, with the frequency of low temperature damage increasing gradually from south to north.

Key words: soybean in cold regions, growing season, low temperature damage, low temperature index