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应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 555-563.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202402.011

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬小麦越冬期壮苗评价方法与指标研究进展

蔡洪梅1, 王菲菲1, 王捧娜1, 唐志伟1, 黄伟祥1, 郑宝强1, 李金才1,2, 陈翔1*   

  1. 1安徽农业大学农学院, 合肥 230036;
    2江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心, 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-31 修回日期:2024-01-02 出版日期:2024-02-18 发布日期:2024-08-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: 15056921642@163.com
  • 作者简介:蔡洪梅, 女, 1998年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事作物生理生态研究。E-mail: chm15775946167@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    十四五国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1901005)、农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目(FECPP202001)、安徽省重大科技专项(202003b06020021)和安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(340000222426000100009)

Research progress on the method and index evaluating strong seedlings of winter wheat during overwintering stage

CAI Hongmei1, WANG Feifei1, WANG Pengna1, TANG Zhiwei1, HUANG Weixiang1, ZHENG Baoqiang1, LI Jincai1,2, CHEN Xiang1*   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
    2Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2023-08-31 Revised:2024-01-02 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2024-08-18

摘要: 全球气候变化带来的冬前极端气候灾害已严重影响小麦的壮苗形成。培育壮苗是实现小麦高产高效优质的前提。小麦壮苗培育主要与种子质量、秸秆还田质量、整地质量、播种质量、水肥运筹以及气象因子等密切相关。实际生产中影响小麦壮苗培育的首要因素是种子质量和耕作措施,其优劣决定了小麦出苗的质量;其次是气象因子,决定了小麦幼苗的生长速度和光合生产。前人就小麦壮苗培育与苗情评价已进行了大量的研究。本文重点从冬小麦壮苗评价方法与指标、评价标准的历史变迁以及培育壮苗的主要技术措施4个方面进行对比与总结分析,并对未来小麦壮苗培育与评价方法进行展望,旨在推动冬小麦壮苗评价方法的进一步完善,促进冬小麦幼苗的分类管理、精准指导与精细服务,实现科技壮苗。

关键词: 冬小麦, 壮苗, 评价方法, 评价指标, 技术措施

Abstract: The extreme weather disasters before winter caused by global climate change seriously affect the formation of strong seedlings of wheat. Cultivating strong seedlings is the premise of realizing high yield, high efficiency, and high quality of wheat. The cultivation of strong wheat seedlings is closely related to seed quality, straw returning quality, land preparation quality, sowing quality, water and fertilizer operation and meteorological factors. Seed quality and tillage measures are the primary factors affecting the cultivation of strong wheat seedlings, which determine the quality of wheat seedling emergence. Secondly, meteorological factors determine growth rate and photosynthetic production of wheat seedlings. Mounting studies have addressed the cultivation of strong seedlings and the evaluation of seedling conditions of wheat. This research focused on comparing and summarizing the evaluation methods and indices of strong seedlings of winter wheat, the historical changes of evaluation standards and the main technical measures for cultivating strong seedlings, and proposed the cultivation and evaluation methods of strong seedlings of winter wheat in the future. We aimed to further improve the evaluation method of winter wheat strong seedlings, advance the classification management, precise guidance and fine service of winter wheat seedlings, and realize strong seedlings through scientific and technological ways.

Key words: winter wheat, strong seedling, evaluation method, evaluation indicator, technical measure