宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区鹅喉羚活动节律和适宜生境分布

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202412.028

应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 3469-3476.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202412.028

宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区鹅喉羚活动节律和适宜生境分布

张宇¹, 张波², 常青², 马鑫³, 高帅帅³, 李佳^3*

¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所, 生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 北京 100091;
²宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区管理局, 宁夏中卫 751700;
³中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2024-08-11 接受日期:2024-09-11 出版日期:2024-12-18 发布日期:2025-06-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: lijia2530@126.com
作者简介:张宇, 女, 1990年生, 助理研究员。主要从事保护生物学与自然保护地管理研究。E-mail: yuzhang@caf.ac.cn
基金资助:
“2023年中央财政林业草原生态保护恢复资金——沙坡头国家级自然保护区国家重点野生动植物保护项目”

Activity patterns and suitable habitat distribution of Gazella subgutturosa in Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve, Ningxia, China

ZHANG Yu¹, ZHANG Bo², CHANG Qing², MA Xin³, GAO Shuaishuai³, LI Jia^3*

¹Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
²Management Bureau of Ningxia Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve, Zhongwei 751700, Ningxia, China;
³Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2024-08-11 Accepted:2024-09-11 Online:2024-12-18 Published:2025-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 掌握鹅喉羚活动规律和适宜生境分布,有助于理解鹅喉羚适应环境变化的生存策略,可为制定物种保护对策提供科学依据。本研究利用红外相机技术和物种分布模型开展了中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区及周边鹅喉羚活动规律和适宜生境分布研究,评估了保护空缺。结果表明: 2022年10月—2024年5月,安装在沙坡头保护区的136台红外相机累计工作67456个相机日,共记录到5520张鹅喉羚独立照片。其中,春季1154张,夏季712张,秋季1343张,冬季2311张。沙坡头保护区鹅喉羚种群日活动呈现昼行性规律,活动高峰呈明显的晨昏双峰模式。在BIOMOD2平台的6种模型中,最大熵模型模拟效果最好,表面分布区分室模型评分最低;真实技巧统计值(TSS)和受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.996和0.940,表明模型预测结果优秀。BIOMOD2模型结果表明,沙坡头地区鹅喉羚适宜生境总面积为47493 hm²,其中,高适宜生境面积为35751 hm²,中适宜生境面积为11742 hm²。当前沙坡头保护区保护了15.8%的鹅喉羚适宜生境,将长流水区域整合优化纳入保护区范围后,可提高保护比例至43.3%。本研究掌握了沙坡头地区鹅喉羚活动规律和适宜生境分布,丰富了对其行为生态学的认知,可为沙坡头保护区制定鹅喉羚保护对策提供科学依据。

关键词: 鹅喉羚, 红外相机技术, BIOMOD2, 保护空缺, 腾格里沙漠

Abstract: Understanding the activity pattern and distribution of suitable habitats of Gazella subgutturosa can help reveal its survival strategy under changing environments, and provide a scientific basis for formulating the conservation countermeasures. In this study, we used infrared camera technology and species distribution model to analyze the activity pattern and distribution of suitable habitats of G. subgutturosa in Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve and its surroundings, aiming to assess the conservation gaps. The results showed that, from October 2022 to May 2024, the 136 infrared cameras installed in the Shapotou Reserve worked for a total of 67456 camera days and recorded a total of 5520 independent photographs of G. subgutturosa. Among them, 1154 photographs were taken in spring, 712 in summer, 1343 in fall, and 2311 in winter. The daily activity of G. subgutturosa in the Shapotou Reserve showed a diurnal pattern, with activity peaks in morning and evening. Out of the six models from BIOMOD2 platform, the maxent simulation performed the best and the surface distribution differentiation chamber model performed the worst. The model provided satisfactory results, with the TSS value of 0.996, and the AUC value of 0.940. The model results showed that the total area of suitable habitat for G. subgutturosa was 47493 hm² in the Shapotou, of which 35751 hm² was highly suitable habitat and 11742 hm² was moderately suitable habitat. Shapotou Nature Reserve had protected 15.8% of the suitable habitat for G. subgutturosa, and the value would increase to 43.3% after Changliushui area being included into the reserve. This study grasped the activity pattern and distribution of suitable habitats of G. subgutturosa in Shapotou area, enriched the knowledge of its behavioral ecology, which would provide scientific basis for the formulation of G. subgutturosa conservation strategies and the adjustment of the protected area boundary in Shapotou Nature Reserve.

Key words: Gazella subgutturosa, camera trapping, BIOMOD2, protection gap, Tengger Desert

张宇, 张波, 常青, 马鑫, 高帅帅, 李佳. 宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区鹅喉羚活动节律和适宜生境分布[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(12): 3469-3476.

ZHANG Yu, ZHANG Bo, CHANG Qing, MA Xin, GAO Shuaishuai, LI Jia. Activity patterns and suitable habitat distribution of Gazella subgutturosa in Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve, Ningxia, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(12): 3469-3476.

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宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区鹅喉羚活动节律和适宜生境分布

Activity patterns and suitable habitat distribution of Gazella subgutturosa in Zhongwei Shapotou National Nature Reserve, Ningxia, China

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