根系质外体对植物矿质营养元素调控机理的研究进展

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202506.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 质外体由细胞间隙、细胞壁和木质部中的导管组成,承载着营养运输、水分运输和纤维素合成的重要功能,并在逆境下发挥防御作用。矿质营养元素调控了植物的生理生化过程,对植物正常发育起到至关重要的作用。植物根系质外体通过特定的物理结构和化学成分促进植物高效吸收、转运生境中的矿质营养元素,甚至是植物难以吸收利用的矿质元素。本文通过对质外体结构特征、植物-微生物对质外体调控的影响和逆境胁迫条件下质外体对矿质元素的吸收运输机制进行综述,阐明了质外体结构对植物吸收利用矿质营养元素的调节机制,根质外体通过细胞壁的吸附作用、胞间pH值的变化、离子交换、以及相关基因的调控等方式,对植物吸收转运矿质元素进行高效调控。本文从形态学角度明晰了植物在逆境胁迫条件中启动自我保护的机理。

关键词: 质外体, 矿质营养元素, 植物-微生物

Abstract: Apoplast, composed of intercellular spaces, cell walls, and xylem vessels, plays a crucial role in nutrient transport, water transport, and cellulose synthesis, which also serves as a defense mechanism under stress. Mineral nutrients regulate the physiological and biochemical processes in plants and play a crucial role in the normal development of plants. Through its unique physical structure and chemical composition, root apoplast facilitates the absorption and translocation of mineral nutrients, including those typically difficult for plants to assimilate. We reviewed the structural characteristics of the apoplast, the influence of plant-microbe interactions on apoplastic regulation, and the mechanisms of mineral element absorption and transport under stress. It elucidates the regulatory role of apoplastic structure in mineral nutrient uptake and utilization of plants. Root apoplast efficiently modulates the absorption and translocation of mineral elements through cell wall adsorption, changes in intercellular pH, ion exchange, and the regulation of related genes. From a morphological perspective, we clarified the mechanism by which plants activate self-protection under abiotic stress.

Key words: apoplast, mineral nutrient, plant-microbe

赵书文, 化佳敏, 潘一诺, 韩迎新, 郑雅文, 蔺吉祥, 杨青杰, 王竞红. 根系质外体对植物矿质营养元素调控机理的研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(6): 1923-1932.

ZHAO Shuwen, HUA Jiamin, PAN Yinuo, HAN Yingxin, ZHENG Yawen, LIN Jixiang, YANG Qingjie, WANG Jinghong. Research advances in the regulatory mechanisms of root apoplast on mineral nutrition of plants[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(6): 1923-1932.

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