景观生态学研究的多尺度性与尺度选择

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.036

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 1933-1940.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.036

景观生态学研究的多尺度性与尺度选择

陈利顶^1,2,3,5*, 张艳杰^1,2, 马思克^3,4

¹中国科学院生态环境研究中心区域与城市生态安全全国重点实验室, 北京 100085;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
³云南大学生态与环境学院, 昆明 650500;
⁴云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院, 昆明 650500;
⁵西南联合研究生院, 昆明 650092

收稿日期:2025-03-08 接受日期:2025-06-01 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: liding@rcees.ac.cn
作者简介:陈利顶, 男, 1965年生, 博士, 研究员。主要从事景观生态学、景观动态与过程模拟、区域生态安全与可持续发展等研究。E-mail: liding@rcees.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42230718)

Multi-scale characteristics and scale selection in landscape ecological studies

CHEN Liding^1,2,3,5*, ZHANG Yanjie^1,2, MA Sike^3,4

¹State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
³School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China;
⁴Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China;
⁵Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming 650092, China

Received:2025-03-08 Accepted:2025-06-01 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 景观生态学通常被归入宏观生态学研究范畴,研究尺度在分子生态学、个体生态学、种群生态学、群落生态学、生态系统生态学之上,而在区域生态学和全球生态学之下。实际的景观生态学研究并非局限于宏观尺度空间,而具有多尺度特征。本文从景观格局分析、景观格局与过程研究视角,系统阐述了景观生态学研究的多尺度性特征,讨论了景观生态学研究中尺度选择应遵循的基本原则和挑战。尺度选择时需要考虑研究目的的吻合性、研究对象的敏感性、研究单元的适宜性和研究数据的匹配性,但景观生态学研究中尺度的多维性、时空复杂性以及认知上的局限性,为正确选择尺度带来较大困难。因此如何权衡粒度与幅度的关系、时间与空间的关系、尺度与数据的关系成为尺度选择中面临的最大问题和挑战。本文分析了不同尺度上典型景观格局与过程研究的特点,旨在为景观生态学相关研究的尺度选择提供参考。

关键词: 景观格局分析, 景观格局与过程, 多尺度性, 尺度选择

Abstract: Landscape ecology is generally classified into the realm of macroecology and placed in a relatively high hierarchical level in ecological studies, which is above molecular ecology, individual ecology, population ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology, yet below regional ecology and global ecology. In practice, however, landscape ecological research is not confined to macroscopic spatial scales but presents multi-scale characteristics. We systematically elaborated the multi-scale attributes and characteristics involved in landscape ecological studies from landscape pattern analyses, the coupling relationships between landscape patterns and processes. We further analyzed the fundamental principles to be followed in scale selection for landscape ecology research, as well as the associated issues and challenges faced. When selecting a scale, it is essential to consider the alignment with research objectives, the sensitivity of the research subject, the suitability of research units, and the compatibility of research data. Due to the knowledge limitation on scale multidimensionality and its spatiotemporal complexity in landscape ecological research, choosing an appropriate scale has significant challenges. For example, how to balance the relationship between grain size and extent, temporal and spatial scale, scale and data availability, has become key issues and challenges in scale selection for landscape ecological studies. We discussed the practical issues concerned in typical landscape pattern and process studies, which would provide references for making scientifically sound and rational scale selections in related research endeavors.

Key words: landscape pattern analysis, landscape pattern and process, multi-scale, scale selection

陈利顶, 张艳杰, 马思克. 景观生态学研究的多尺度性与尺度选择[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 1933-1940.

CHEN Liding, ZHANG Yanjie, MA Sike. Multi-scale characteristics and scale selection in landscape ecological studies[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 1933-1940.

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景观生态学研究的多尺度性与尺度选择

Multi-scale characteristics and scale selection in landscape ecological studies

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