关键词: 景观生态学, 空间格局, 景观多样性, 转移矩阵

Abstract: Spatial pattern of landscape is a central issue in landscape ecology research. The main reason of variation of landscape pattern owes to the external disturbance. There are three remarkable variations of landscape pattern:(a)a landscape element becomes a new matrix in place of former matrix;(b) landscape proportions among several landscape elements changed; (c) a new landscape element is arisen in the landscape system. Landscape pattern was studied in this paper with following quanta indexes:(1) number and size of patches, (2) transition matrix of patches, (3) dominance indexes of patches, (4) the diversity index of landscape.The results show that in the west suburbs of Shenyang, landscape is becoming more and more fragmentary throughout 30 years. There are many patches plot or island-liked in the landscape. Landscape matrix has changed, the west suburbs of Shenyang is urbanized remarkably. Economical benefits of land use has increased. With the population growth, average land area per person has constantly decreased. The unused land hardly left. This means that the capacity of land will be saturated, predicting land crisis is coming.

Key words: Landscape ecology, Spatial pattern, Landscape diversity, Transition matrix