低湿耕地综合治理对土壤微生物生态影响及大豆增产的研究

应用生态学报 ›› 1990, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2): 120-128.

低湿耕地综合治理对土壤微生物生态影响及大豆增产的研究

王书锦¹, 蔺继尚¹, 薛德林¹, 许广铭¹, 谭克辉², 郝乃斌², 戈巧英², 郭玉³, 王德明⁴

1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110015;
2. 中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100044;
3. 黑龙江八一农垦大学, 密山 158308;
4. 黑龙江省850农场, 虎林 158422

收稿日期:1990-02-13 出版日期:1990-04-25 发布日期:1990-04-25

Effects of comprehensive reclamation of boggy bottomland on soil microbes and yield of soybean in Sanjiang Plain

Wang Shujin¹, Lin Jishang¹, Xue Delin¹, Xu Guangming¹, Tang Kehui², Hao Naibin², Ge Qiaoying², Guo Yu³

1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica, Shenyang 110015;
2. Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100044;
3. Bayi Farmland Reclamation University, Heilongjiang Province, Mishan 158308

Received:1990-02-13 Online:1990-04-25 Published:1990-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文报道了三江平原低湿耕地综合治理后对土壤微生物生态的影响及对大豆增产的明显效果。4年来开发试验研究的结果表明,低湿耕地经过综合治理并栽培大豆等作物以后,土壤中大豆根瘤菌数量及自生固氮菌的数量明显增加;低湿耕地综合治理后接种高效固氮大豆根瘤菌,经配对选优及结合施用启动氮的高光效高固氮大豆-根瘤菌共生固氮体系的生物技术措施,使大面积的大豆增产12.3%,达到接近岗平地耕作条件下生物技术措施的水平,对今后的生产实践或科学理论都具有重要意义。

关键词: 低湿耕地, 大豆根瘤菌, 共生固氮体系, 光合作用强度, 综合治理

Abstract: The soybean yield has been increased to 1950—2100kg/ha from 982.5kg/ha since the co mprehersive reclamation carried out on the boggy bottom and in Sanjiang Plain in1986. The techniqnes of reclamation include:(1) Irrigation and water conservancy engineering; (2) Mechanical cultivation; (3) Biological techniques, especially the introduction of so ybean breed with high abilities of photosynthesis and N-fixation. The activities of Nfixation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Sinorhizobium fredii and other N₂-fixers and their populations sharply increased after the reclamation. Deep plough with machines benefits activities of the microbes and the development of root system and nodulation of soybean. More 3 good breeds of G. max with high photosynthesis rate and a strain of S. fredii, Sj8855, with high N₂-fixation and tolerence the boggy bottomland and pesticide have been developed and used.

Key words: Boggy bottomland, Sinorhizobium fredii, Symbiotic association, Photosynthetic rate, Comprehensive reclamation

王书锦, 蔺继尚, 薛德林, 许广铭, 谭克辉, 郝乃斌, 戈巧英, 郭玉, 王德明. 低湿耕地综合治理对土壤微生物生态影响及大豆增产的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1990, 1(2): 120-128.

Wang Shujin, Lin Jishang, Xue Delin, Xu Guangming, Tang Kehui, Hao Naibin, Ge Qiaoying, Guo Yu. Effects of comprehensive reclamation of boggy bottomland on soil microbes and yield of soybean in Sanjiang Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1990, 1(2): 120-128.

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