水稻对受体植物化感作用的遗传生态学研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用化感作用潜力差异较大的5个水稻品种(系),按不完全双列杂交设计(4×5)配制成一套包括亲本、F1两个世代的遗传材料,在不同环境条件下,测定其不同叶龄时期对受体植物莴苣幼苗茎长的抑制作用.采用包括基因型与环境互作的数量性状加性显性发育遗传模型,分析了水稻化感作用的动态遗传及与环境互作效应.结果表明,水稻叶龄在7叶期对莴苣茎长的化感作用受加性效应的影响,在3叶期和6叶期由显性效应控制,在5叶期和8叶期加性和显性效应均有作用,以显性效应为主,呈现间断表达的遗传特点.普通狭义遗传率在5叶期、7叶期和8叶期达显著水平,随叶龄增大趋于下降.水稻化感作用受基因型与环境互作效应的影响较大,应注意控制水稻生长发育的环境,以达到最佳利用水稻化感作用潜力的目的.

关键词: 水稻, 化感作用, 动态遗传, 基因型与环境互作, 遗传方差, 遗传率, 土壤微生物, 生态化学计量, 土壤酶, 气候变化

Abstract: In this study, 5 parental rice lines with different allelopathic potential were employed in partial diallel cross (4?5) to get 10 groups of F 1 seeds. After testing the inhibitory effects of 5 parents and 10 F₁s under different environment at different leaf stage on the shoot length of receiver plant lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.),dynamic genetics of rice allelopathy and its genotype譭nvironment effects were analyzed by using additive-dominant developmental genetic models. The results showed that additive and dominant effect genes expressed alternatively during 3-leaf stage to 8-leaf stage in rice seedling. As additive effect genes were pronounced at 7-leaf stage,dominant effect genes appeared to play the most important role at 3-leaf stage and 6-leaf stage but the two effect genes were equally important at 5-leaf stage and 8-leaf stage. Heritabilities analysis indicated that the general heritability in the narrow sense(H_N²) was significant at 5-,7- and 8-leaf stage,and decreased with increasing leaf stage. Rice allelopathy was significantly affected by genotype譭nvironment(GE) interaction,suggesting that the environment of allelopathic rice development must be controlled for practical use.

Key words: Rice (Oryza sativa L), Allelopathy, Dynamic inheritance, Genotype譭nvironment interaction, Genetic variances, Heritability, climate change, soil microbe, soil enzyme, ecological stoichiometry

中图分类号:

Q948.12⁺2.1

何华勤, 林文雄, 董章杭, 郭玉春, 沈荔花, 梁义元, 陈芳育, 梁康迳. 水稻对受体植物化感作用的遗传生态学研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (12): 1582-1586.

HE Huaqin, LIN Wenxiong, DONG Zhanghang, GUO Yuchun, SHEN Lihua, LIANG Yiyuan, CHEN Fangyu, LIANG Kangjing . Genetic ecology of rice allelopathy on receiver plant[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (12): 1582-1586.

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