关键词: 水分利用效率, 光照强度, 土壤水分

Abstract: By means of the determination of net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of the leaves of seven-year field and two-year spotted Malus pumila(Goldspur) under different soil water contents and illumination and calculation of water use efficiency (WUE), the optimum soil water supply range of Malus pumila was determined.The results showed that: because photosynthetic advantageous radiation (PAR) and soil water content (SWC) decided the value of photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Goldspur, thus they influenced the value of WUE.The response of WUE to illumination had relations with soil water.When SWC was 10% (50% of field capacity-FC) or so, the maximum of WUE was the highest value among all the soil water treatment and reached about 230 umol CO₂·g^-1 H₂O.When the water supply was adequate (SWC>15% ), the maximum was only 160 umol CO₂·g^-1H₂O or so, the difference between each SWC level was not obvious and simulated curve fundamentally overlapped, although WUE decreased slowly after reached the maximum.The variation of WUE with SWC had relations with illumination.WUE was the highest while PAR was in the range of 500～1 000 umol.m^-2.s^-1).Because the state of soil water decided the values of stomatic resistance (RS) and leaf water potential, RS and Ψ₁ also had influence on the changes of WUE.When RS and Ψ₁ were respectively 2.0 s·cm^-1 and -3.0 MPa, WUE was the highest, but Pn was relatively low, which was not good to the normal growth and fruitage of trees.From the overall consideration of WUE, Pn and Tr, the scopes of RS and Ψ₁ were 2～6 s·cm^-1 and -2.1～-1.65 MPa, respectively, which not only guaranteed the normal photosynthesis of Goldspur, but also benefited the increase of WUE.The scope of the corresponding SWC was 11%～15%,which was equal to 55%～75 % of FC and this scope could be used as theoretical index of field water supply for Goldspur.

Key words: Water use efficiency, Irradiation intensity, Soil moisture