混交林和纯竹林与毛竹害螨爆发成灾关系研究

应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (7): 1161-1165.

混交林和纯竹林与毛竹害螨爆发成灾关系研究

张艳璇¹, 张智强², 斋藤裕³, 刘巧云⁴, 季洁¹

1. 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 福州 350013;
2. 新西兰芒特阿尔伯特土壤保育研究所, 奥克兰;
3. 日本北海道大学, 大学院农学研究科动物生态研究室, 北海道, 札幌;
4. 福建省森林病虫害防治检疫总站, 福州 350000

收稿日期:2003-03-24 修回日期:2004-03-10
通讯作者: 张艳璇,女,1957年出生,博士,研究员,从事农、林螨类分类、生物学、生态学、综合治理等研究,在英国出版英文版专著1本,发表学术论文110篇.E-mail:zyxli@pub3.fz.fj.cn
基金资助:
福建省科技厅重大国际合作项目(99I2);国家科技部农业科技成果转化基金项目;国家外国专家局重大推广项目;日本文部省国际合作项目JSPS(13575021);新西兰科学与技术委员会资助项目(C09617)

On the causes of mite pest outbreaks in mono- and poly-cultured moso bamboo forests

ZHANG Yanxuan¹, ZHANG Zhiqiang², Yutaka Saito³, LIU Qiaoyu⁴, JI Jie¹

1. Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science, Fuzhou 350013, China;
2. Institute of Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand;
3. Department of Ecology and Systematic Graduate School of Agri. Hokkaido University, Japan;
4. Laboratory of Forest Protection, Fujian Forestry Bureau, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2003-03-24 Revised:2004-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 报道在福建省6个不同生态区域内检查10对纯竹林与混交林受南京裂爪螨(Schizotetranychus nanjingensis)、竹缺爪螨(Aponychus corpuzae)、竹刺瘿螨(Aculus bambusae)对毛竹危害情况.结果表明,纯竹林受螨害重,危害指数达22.1%～44.7%,平均35%.混交林受害轻,危害指数为2.7%～28.6%,平均17.5%,混交林与纯竹林之间受害程度经t-测验表明均达到极显著差异.6个样地中纯竹林害螨总量高于其相对的混交林,分别达67.74%、152.47%、299.5%、857.75%、331.67%、26.5%,平均为289.28%;调查混交林天敌竹盲走螨(Typhlodromus bambusae)总量分别比相对纯竹林高95.45%、-18.13%、207.69%、837.5%、190.3%,平均262.5%.纯竹林中益、害螨比例分别达1:27、1:21、1:233、1:282、1:27,平均1:118,而其相对的混交林益、害螨比例为1:12、1:12、1:30、1:3、1:3、1:20,平均1:13.由此可见,纯竹林受螨害程度、害螨总量平均是混交林的2倍,而天敌数量少于相对混交林的2～3倍,益、害螨比例显著低于混交林(t=2.975,P=0.003).本项研究揭示了由于受人为干扰(集约化管理、劈草、垦复)破坏了毛竹林原有的益螨-害螨-寄主植物之间相对稳定的平衡,导致毛竹害螨种群突发性增长,证明了纯竹林是诱发毛竹害螨爆发成灾成因的重要因素之一.

关键词: 毛竹害螨, 危害指数, 竹盲走螨, 爆发成因

Abstract: In this paper,the damage of phytophagous mites Schizotetranychus nanjingensis Ma & Yuan,Aponychus corpuzae Rimando and Aculus bambusae Kuang to moso bamboo (Phyllostaychs pubescens) was examined for ten pairs of mono- and poly-cultured forests at six locations in Fujian,China.The results showed that the mite damage in mono-cultured forests (35%) was twice as high as that in poly-cultured forests (17.5%<the injury level of 20%),and the difference was significant by t-test.The total pest mites in the mono-cultured forests at six locations in Fujian were 289.29% as high as those in the poly-cultured stands.Typhlodromus bambusae,a nature enemy in the poly-cultured forests at five locations in Fujian,was 262.5% as high as that in the mono-cultured forests.The proportion of pest mite and nature enemy in the mono-cultured forests was 1:118,but was 1:13 in the poly-cultured forests.The change of bamboo cultivation (mono-culture,crowding of bamboo plants,and removal of underfloor plants) might be the major cause of mite pest outbreaks in moso bamboo forests.

Key words: Pest mites, Damage index, Typhlodromus bambusae, Outbreaks

中图分类号:

Q948
S763.46

张艳璇, 张智强, 斋藤裕, 刘巧云, 季洁. 混交林和纯竹林与毛竹害螨爆发成灾关系研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (7): 1161-1165.

ZHANG Yanxuan, ZHANG Zhiqiang, Yutaka Saito, LIU Qiaoyu, JI Jie. On the causes of mite pest outbreaks in mono- and poly-cultured moso bamboo forests[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (7): 1161-1165.

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