东北陆地生态系统碳汇现状与研究展望

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.006

应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 2322-2337.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.006

东北陆地生态系统碳汇现状与研究展望

王绪高^1,2, 吕晓涛^1,2, 郗凤明^1,2, 刘志华^1,2, 梁宇^1,2, 高添^1,2, 孙涛^1,2, 于大炮^1,2, 王超^1,2, 马强^1,2, 梁超^1,2, 郑甜甜^1,2, 王娇月^1,2, 尹岩^1,2, 焦珂伟^1,2, 刘波^1,2, 朱教君^1,2*

¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 森林生态与保育重点实验室(中国科学院), 沈阳 110016;
²辽宁省陆地生态系统碳中和重点实验室, 沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2023-12-11 接受日期:2024-07-23 出版日期:2024-09-18 发布日期:2025-03-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: jiaojunzhu@iae.ac.cn
作者简介:王绪高, 男, 1980年生, 研究员。主要从事森林生物多样性维持和功能研究。E-mail: wangxg@iae.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所自主部署重大项目(IAEMP202201)

Current status and research prospects of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink in Northeast China

WANG Xugao^1,2, LYU Xiaotao^1,2, XI Fengming^1,2, LIU Zhihua^1,2, LIANG Yu^1,2, GAO Tian^1,2, SUN Tao^1,2, YU Dapao^1,2, WANG Chao^1,2, MA Qiang^1,2, LIANG Chao^1,2, ZHENG Tiantian^1,2, WANG Jiaoyue^1,2, YIN Yan^1,2, JIAO Kewei^1,2, LIU Bo^1,2, ZHU Jiaojun^1,2*

¹CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
²Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2023-12-11 Accepted:2024-07-23 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2025-03-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 提升陆地生态系统碳汇是减缓气候变化、实现“碳中和”的主要措施之一。东北地区是我国陆地生态系统碳汇的核心贡献区,厘清该区碳汇现状及未来变化特征对实现我国“碳中和”目标至关重要。本文从碳汇时空格局、碳汇驱动机制、增汇技术与潜力评估等方面,综述了东北陆地生态系统碳汇研究的进展。由于数据来源与研究手段不同,东北陆地碳汇计量存在较大的不确定性,尤其是森林碳汇估测结果差异较大(0.020～0.157 Pg C·a^-1)。碳汇功能取决于植物-土壤-大气界面之间的碳交换过程,但对于东北地区不同时空尺度下碳汇提升的关键路径尚不清晰。提升陆地生态系统质量是东北地区固碳增汇的关键与核心,但由于不同生态系统有其独特的时空变化特征,亟待建立适合“双碳”目标下的多生态系统协同的固碳增汇技术体系。未来研究需发展融合多源数据与多尺度技术手段的碳汇精准计量体系,准确评估东北陆地碳汇功能与增汇潜力,聚焦碳汇功能的多尺度驱动机制,创新发展适合东北陆地生态系统协同提升的增汇技术体系,并开展增汇技术示范,为“碳中和”目标的实现提供科技支撑。

关键词: 陆地碳汇, 碳汇计量, 增汇技术, 增汇潜力, 东北地区

Abstract: Increasing the carbon sink capacity of terrestrial ecosystems is a primary strategy to mitigate climate change and achieve the “carbon neutrality” goal. Clarifying the status and future dynamics of carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystems in Northeast China is crucial for achieving “carbon neutrality” as this region is a core contributor to carbon sink in China's terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we systematically summarized current research on carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystems across Northeast China, including the measurements and spatial-temporal patterns of carbon sinks, driving mechanisms of carbon sinks, the assessments of carbon sink potential, and technologies for increasing carbon sequestration. There are substantial uncertainties in quantifying terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink in Northeast China due to differences in data sources and methods, especially for forest carbon sink measurements, ranging from 0.020 to 0.157 Pg C·a^-1. Carbon sink function depends on carbon exchange processes across plant-soil-atmosphere interfaces. The key pathways to enhance carbon sequestration in Northeast China under different temporal and spatial scales remains unclear. Improving terrestrial ecosystem quality is the key and core of carbon sequestration and sink enhancement. However, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-ecosystem collaborative carbon sequestration and sink enhancement technology system for the “dual carbon” goal. Future research needs to develop an accurate carbon sink measurement system that integrates multi-source data and multi-scale technologies to accurately assess the function and potential of carbon sink in Northeast China, focus on the multi-scale driving mechanism of carbon sink functions, develop new technical systems for coordinated enhancement of carbon sink for the Northeast terrestrial ecosystems, and carry out demonstrations of carbon sink enhancement technologies. These efforts will provide the scientific and technological supports for achieving the “carbon neutrality” goal.

Key words: terrestrial carbon sink, carbon measurement, carbon sequestration technology, carbon sink potential, Northeast China

王绪高, 吕晓涛, 郗凤明, 刘志华, 梁宇, 高添, 孙涛, 于大炮, 王超, 马强, 梁超, 郑甜甜, 王娇月, 尹岩, 焦珂伟, 刘波, 朱教君. 东北陆地生态系统碳汇现状与研究展望[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9): 2322-2337.

WANG Xugao, LYU Xiaotao, XI Fengming, LIU Zhihua, LIANG Yu, GAO Tian, SUN Tao, YU Dapao, WANG Chao, MA Qiang, LIANG Chao, ZHENG Tiantian, WANG Jiaoyue, YIN Yan, JIAO Kewei, LIU Bo, ZHU Jiaojun. Current status and research prospects of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink in Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(9): 2322-2337.

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东北陆地生态系统碳汇现状与研究展望

Current status and research prospects of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink in Northeast China

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