基于景观可持续科学的“三农”政策研究:科学基础与核心研究方向

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202603.032

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 647-656.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202603.032

基于景观可持续科学的“三农”政策研究:科学基础与核心研究方向

黄璐^1,2, 王玉海³, 张帆⁴, 方露⁵, 邬建国^6*

¹浙江大学环境与资源学院, 杭州 310058;
²浙江大学新农村发展研究院, 杭州 310058;
³北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院, 北京 100875;
⁴浙江大学国内合作办公室, 杭州 310058;
⁵浙江财经大学管理学院, 杭州 310018;
⁶美国亚利桑那州立大学生命科学学院/可持续性学院, 美国亚利桑那州坦佩 85287

收稿日期:2025-11-06 接受日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2026-09-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: Jingle.Wu@asu.edu
作者简介:黄璐, 女, 1986年生, 副研究员。主要从事城乡景观可持续与地理设计、农业农村规划研究。E-mail: luhuang2019@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金项目(LTGS24D010003)和浙江省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(226-2024-00071)

Policy research on agriculture, rural areas, and farmers (“Sannong”)based on landscape sustainability science: Scientific foundations and core research directions

HUANG Lu^1,2, WANG Yuhai³, ZHANG Fan⁴, FANG Lu⁵, WU Jianguo^6*

¹College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
²Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
³Business School, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
⁴Office of Domestic Collaborations, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
⁵School of Management, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China;
⁶School of Life Sciences/School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA

Received:2025-11-06 Accepted:2026-01-19 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2026-09-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 关于“三农”问题的研究长期以农业经济学和其他社会科学为主,但“三农”问题本质上是涉及农业活动、农村环境和农民生计的可持续发展的综合问题。它具有多维性、复杂性和不确定性,亟需引入能够超越传统学科界限的整合型科学范式。可持续科学融合自然科学、社会科学和人文科学,集理论探索与实践应用于一体,旨在探究和协调人类与环境之间的互动关系。景观可持续科学将景观视为社会-生态系统,强调以空间显式的方式解析和整合气候变化及社会经济技术驱动力、景观格局、生态系统服务、人类福祉以及景观规划和治理之间的动态关系,是可持续科学在局地和区域景观尺度上的深化和拓展。本文检视“三农”政策研究现状,阐释景观可持续科学的核心理论框架(即围绕景观格局-生态系统服务-人类福祉这一“金三角”构成的内外双循环体系),提出基于景观可持续科学框架的“三农”政策研究途径,并凝练城乡融合与空间优化、粮食与生态协同安全机制构建和乡村社会-生态系统适应与转型路径3个重要研究方向,旨在从多尺度、空间显式与动态过程3个维度提升“三农”政策研究的科学基础与实践路径。通过促进跨学科知识整合与情景模拟,构建“分析-决策-调整”的适应性管理闭环,为实现农业强、农村美、农民富的可持续发展目标提供科学支撑。

关键词: “三农”政策, 软科学, 景观可持续科学, 社会-生态系统, 可持续发展

Abstract: Research on “Sannong” policies has long been dominated by agricultural economics and other social sciences. However, the “Sannong” issue is an integrative sustainable development challenge involving agricultural activities, the rural environment, and farmers' livelihoods. It is characterized by multidimensionality, complexity, and uncertainty. Understanding such a complex issue demands an integrated scientific paradigm that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. Sustainability science aims to understand and improve the dynamic relationship between people and the environment, through merging natural sciences, social sciences, and the humanities, as well as integrating theoretical explorations with on-the-ground applications. Emphasizing spatially explicit analysis and synthesis, landscape sustainability science (LSS) deepens and expands sustainability science by focusing on the dynamic relationships among climate change and socioeconomic-technological drivers, landscape pattern, ecosystem services, human well-being, and landscape planning and governance at the local and regional landscape scales. We reviewed research on “Sannong” policies, elucidated the core framework of LSS (i.e., the inner and outer feedback loops that center on the “golden triangle” of landscape pattern, ecosystem services, and human well-being), proposed a LSS-based research approach for advancing the studies of “Sannong” policies, and further identified three key research directions: urban-rural integration and spatial optimization, synergistic mechanisms for food and ecological security, and adaptive transformations of rural social-ecological systems. This review aimed to enhance the scientific foundation and applications of “Sannong” policy research from three dimensions: multi-scale perspectives, spatial explicitness, and dynamic processes. By fostering interdisciplinary knowledge integration and scenario-based simulation, it established an adaptive management loop of “analysis-decision-adjustment”, thereby providing scientific support for achieving the sustainable development goals of strong agriculture, beautiful countryside, and prosperous farmers.

Key words: “Sannong” policy, soft science, landscape sustainability science, social-ecological system, sustainable development

黄璐, 王玉海, 张帆, 方露, 邬建国. 基于景观可持续科学的“三农”政策研究:科学基础与核心研究方向[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(3): 647-656.

HUANG Lu, WANG Yuhai, ZHANG Fan, FANG Lu, WU Jianguo. Policy research on agriculture, rural areas, and farmers (“Sannong”)based on landscape sustainability science: Scientific foundations and core research directions[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(3): 647-656.

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基于景观可持续科学的“三农”政策研究:科学基础与核心研究方向

Policy research on agriculture, rural areas, and farmers (“Sannong”)based on landscape sustainability science: Scientific foundations and core research directions

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