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植物对铅胁迫的耐性及其解毒机制研究进展

黄化刚1,2;李廷轩1;杨肖娥2;张锡洲1;吴德勇1   

  1. 1四川农业大学资源环境学院, 四川雅安 625014;2浙江大学环境与资源学院环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室, 杭州 310029
  • 收稿日期:2008-08-04 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-03-20 发布日期:2009-03-20

Research advances in plant lead tolerance and detoxification mechanism.

HUANG Hua-gang1,2;LI Ting-xuan1;YANG Xiao-e2;ZHANG Xi-zhou1;WU De-yong1   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, Sichuan, China;2Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
  • Received:2008-08-04 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-03-20 Published:2009-03-20

摘要: 植物对重金属元素的耐性、积累特性是利用植物修复铅污染土壤的前提,因而需要全面理解植物对铅吸收、转运、积累和解毒的一系列生理机制.本文从植物自身对铅的适应和防御机制出发,综述了细胞壁和液泡在植物细胞钝化与铅积累中的功能;根系分泌物对铅生物有效性的影响;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷光苷肽还原酶(GR)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和植物螯合肽、谷胱甘肽在铅解毒中的作用,以及金属硫蛋白和铅特异基因表达的研究进展.并对未来该领域的研究以及铅污染环境植物修复技术的发展进行了展望.

关键词: Granier经验公式, 毛白杨, 热扩散式探针, 树干液流

Abstract: To have an overall understanding about the physiological mechanisms of plants in their lead (Pb) absorption, transportation, accumulation, and detoxif ication is the prerequisite of the phytoremediation of Pb-polluted soil. This paper reviewed the research advances in the mechanisms of plant Pb-adaptation and recovery, including the functions of cell wall and vacuole in Pb-inactivati on and sequestration in plant cells, the effects of plant root exudates on Pb bi oavailability, the roles of antioxidative enzymes dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (P OD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and of antioxidants phytochelatins (PCs) and glutathione in Pb detoxification, and the expression and function of metallothionein and Pb-specific genes. The further researches on the plant’s Pb-tolerance and detoxification mechanisms as well as the technologies for phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated environmen ts were prospected.

Key words: Populus tomentosa, Granier empirical formula, sap flow, thermal dissipation probe (TDP)