养分优化管理提高我国柑橘产量和品质的整合分析

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202405.011

应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 1301-1311.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202405.011

养分优化管理提高我国柑橘产量和品质的整合分析

徐浩¹, 王玉雯², 罗自威¹, 胡文朗¹, 廖文强³, 陈立松¹, 李延¹, 郭九信^1,4*

¹福建农林大学资源与环境学院/国际镁营养研究所/福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室, 福州 350002;
²福建省林业科技试验中心, 福建漳州 363600;
³福建省农田建设与土壤肥料技术总站, 福州 350003;
⁴安徽省农业废弃物肥料化利用与耕地质量提升工程研究中心, 安徽滁州 233100

收稿日期:2023-09-03 接受日期:2024-04-01 出版日期:2024-05-18 发布日期:2024-11-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: jiuxinguo@hotmail.com
作者简介:徐浩, 男, 1998年生, 博士研究生。主要从事植物营养生理与养分高效利用研究。E-mail: Haoxusmart@hotmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32272813)、福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J01602)、安徽省农业废弃物肥料化利用与耕地质量提升工程研究中心开放基金项目(AWFUQI202302)、国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-01A)和福建农林大学国际镁营养研究所科研基金项目(IMI2018-08)

Optimized nutrients management improved citrus yield and fruit quality in China: A meta-analysis

XU Hao¹, WANG Yuwen², LUO Ziwei¹, HU Wenlang¹, LIAO Wenqiang³, CHEN Lisong¹, LI Yan¹, GUO Jiuxin^1,4*

¹Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation/International Magnesium Institute/College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
²Fores-try Science and Technology Test Center of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou 363600, Fujian, China;
³Station of Cropland Construction and Soil and Fertilizer of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350003, China;
⁴Anhui Province Agricultural Waste Fertilizer Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement Engineering Research Center, Chuzhou 233100, Anhui, China

Received:2023-09-03 Accepted:2024-04-01 Online:2024-05-18 Published:2024-11-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 明确当前我国柑橘产区农户施肥和产量现状,研究不同施肥措施对柑橘生产的影响,可为通过养分优化管理提高我国柑橘产量和品质提供科学依据。本研究在中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science数据库中检索出柑橘施肥文献92篇,采用整合分析方法分析了农户常规施肥和专家优化施肥的氮(N)、磷(P或P₂O₅)、钾(K或K₂O)肥用量与偏生产力,以及不同优化施肥措施对柑橘产量和品质的影响。结果表明: 我国柑橘生产上常规施肥的N、P₂O₅和K₂O用量分别为507.3、262.2和369.3 kg·hm^-2。与常规施肥相比,优化施肥的N和P₂O₅分别降低了14.7%和8.3%,而K₂O增加了6.6%;氮(N)、磷(P₂O₅)和钾(K₂O)肥偏生产力分别增加了7.8%、18.4%和14.7%;柑橘产量提高了11.9%,单果重增加了2.8%;果实维生素C、可溶性固形物和总糖含量分别增加了3.1%、5.9%和8.6%,可滴定酸和总酸含量分别降低了3.4%和3.6%,进而使固酸比和糖酸比分别提高了14.0%和9.5%。不同优化施肥方式中,NPK优化+中微肥方式增产提质的效果最好,且NPK优化中尤以减施≤25%效果最佳;NPK等量+有机肥的效果高于NPK等量+中微肥,但不同柑橘品种(宽皮柑橘、柚和橙类)对优化施肥的响应不同。优化施肥有助于柑橘产量、肥料利用率和果实品质的协同提升,我国柑橘种植区应因地制宜采取NPK肥减施、中微肥平衡施用和有机培肥土壤的综合养分优化管理措施。

关键词: 柑橘, 优化施肥, 产量, 肥料利用率, 品质, 整合分析

Abstract: Clarifying current situation of farmers' fertilization and yield in citrus producing areas and the effects of different fertilization measures can provide a scientific basis for improving the yield and quality of citrus in China. We retrieved 92 literatures on citrus fertilization from the CNKI and Web of Science to examine the impacts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P or P₂O₅), and potassium (K or K₂O) fertilizer dosage and partial productivity under farmers' conventional fertilization and experts' optimized fertilization, as well as the effects of optimized fertilization measures on citrus yield and quality by using meta-analysis approach. The average conventional application rates of N, P₂O₅, and K₂O were 507.3, 262.2, and 369.3 kg·hm^-2 in citrus production in China. Compared with conventional fertilization, optimized fertilization resulted in a reduction of N and P₂O₅ by 14.7% and 8.3%, an increase in K₂O application by 6.6%, which promoted partial productivity of N, P₂O₅, and K₂O fertilizers by 7.8%, 18.4%, and 14.7%, correspondingly. The optimized fertilization resulted in 11.9% and 2.8% increase in fruit yield and single fruit weight, while improved vitamin C content (Vc, 3.1%), total soluble solids (TSS, 5.9%) and total sugar content (TSC, 8.6%). Additionally, it also led to a reduction in titratable acid (TA, -3.4%) and total acid content (TAC, -3.6%), and consequently elevated the TSS/TA (14.0%) and TSC/TAC (9.5%). Among different optimized fertilization methods, the effect of optimized NPK + medium and/or micro element fertilizer on citrus yield and fruit quality was the best, especially NPK decrement ≤25% between optimized NPK measures. The effect of conventional NPK + organic fertilizer was higher than conventional NPK + medium and/or micro element fertilizer. However, different citrus varieties, including mandarins, pomelos, and oranges, showed different responses to optimized fertilization. Optimized fertilization management could synergistically improve citrus yield, fertilizer use efficiency, and fruit quality. Therefore, the strategy of integrated nutrient management1 with reducing NPK fertilizer, balancing medium and/or micro nutrient fertilizer and improving soil fertility by organic fertilizer should be adopted according to local conditions in citrus producing areas of China.

Key words: citrus, optimized fertilization, yield, fertilizer use efficiency, quality, meta-analysis

徐浩, 王玉雯, 罗自威, 胡文朗, 廖文强, 陈立松, 李延, 郭九信. 养分优化管理提高我国柑橘产量和品质的整合分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 35(5): 1301-1311.

XU Hao, WANG Yuwen, LUO Ziwei, HU Wenlang, LIAO Wenqiang, CHEN Lisong, LI Yan, GUO Jiuxin. Optimized nutrients management improved citrus yield and fruit quality in China: A meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 35(5): 1301-1311.

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养分优化管理提高我国柑橘产量和品质的整合分析

Optimized nutrients management improved citrus yield and fruit quality in China: A meta-analysis

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