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应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (11): 3174-3182.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202411.030

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浙江南部近海黄鲫的摄食习性及其与环境因子的关系

刘威1,2,3, 张天豪1,2,3, 陈淦1,2,3, 叶深4,5, 高春霞1,2,3, 韩东燕1,2,3*   

  1. 1上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;
    2国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;
    3大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;
    4浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所, 浙江温州 325005; 5浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室, 浙江温州 325005
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-12 修回日期:2024-08-28 出版日期:2024-11-18 发布日期:2025-05-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: handdyyy@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘 威, 男, 1998年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事鱼类摄食生态研究。E-mail: 664842039@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41906074)

Feeding habits of Setipinna taty and its relationship with environmental factors in southern coastal waters of Zhejiang, China

LIU Wei1,2,3, ZHANG Tianhao1,2,3, CHEN Gan1,2,3, YE Shen4,5, GAO Chunxia1,2,3, HAN Dongyan1,2,3*   

  1. 1College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2National Distant-Water Fisheries Engineering Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;
    4Zhejiang Maricultural Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang, China;
    5Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Offshore Bio-resource, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2024-03-12 Revised:2024-08-28 Online:2024-11-18 Published:2025-05-18

摘要: 黄鲫是浙江南部近海的优势种类,在近海生态系统中起重要作用。基于2020年5月—2021年1月在浙江南部近海采集的847尾黄鲫的胃含物样品,应用胃含物分析方法、聚类分析和典范对应分析等分析了黄鲫的食物组成、摄食习性随季节和个体发育的变化及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明: 浙江南部近海黄鲫摄食的饵料种类有43种,其中虾类、端足类、磷虾类是主要的饵料类群,优势饵料生物为细鳌虾、克氏尖头虫戎和太平洋磷虾。黄鲫的摄食习性随季节和个体发育存在明显变化,全年均大量摄食虾类,夏季摄食较多的鱼类,冬季摄食较高比例的樱虾类。随着黄鲫体长的增加,其主要饵料生物逐渐由小型甲壳类转变为鱼类和虾类。典范对应分析表明,盐度、pH是与黄鲫摄食习性相关性最高的因子,其次为水深、纬度、体长。本研究可为浙江南部近海食物网研究提供基础资料。

关键词: 摄食生态, 食物组成, 典范对应分析, 胃含物分析

Abstract: Setipinna taty, a dominant fish species in the southern Zhejiang coastal waters, plays an important role in the coastal marine ecosystem. Based on 847 S. taty samples collected from southern Zhejiang coastal waters between May 2020 to January 2021, we examined prey composition, seasonal and ontogenetic diet variations, as well as their relationships with environmental factors, with stomach content analysis, cluster analysis, and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Results showed that S. taty consumed 43 prey species, with shrimp, Amphipoda and krill as the most important prey groups. The dominant prey species were Leptochela gracilis, Oxycephalus clausi, and Euphausia pacifica. There were significant seasonal and ontogenetic variations in the prey composition of S. taty. Shrimp was the dominate prey group in all seasons. S. taty consumed certain amount of fish in summer and a high proportion of Euphausiacea in winter. With the increases of body length, the main prey species gradually shifted from small size prey items such as copepods to larger ones such as fish and shrimp. Results of CCA indicated that salinity and pH were the main factors influencing feeding habit of S. taty, followed by water depth, latitude and body length. This study could provide basic information for the food web study in the southern Zhejiang coastal waters.

Key words: feeding ecology, food composition, CCA, stomach content analysis.