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应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 3231-3236.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202511.033

所属专题: 专家见解

• 专家见解 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于感知方式现代化的和谐式生态系统管理范式

马克明*   

  1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 区域与城市生态安全全国重点实验室, 北京 100085
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-11 接受日期:2025-09-02 出版日期:2025-11-18 发布日期:2026-06-18
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: mkm@rcees.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:马克明, 男, 1969年生, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要从事森林、湿地、城市景观生态学及生态模型研究。
  • 基金资助:
    法开署贷款腾冲市大盈江流域生态保护和修复示范项目(CITIC-240003)和黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目(2022-YRUC-01-0103)

A harmonious ecosystem management paradigm based on modernized perception methods

MA Keming*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
  • Received:2025-03-11 Accepted:2025-09-02 Online:2025-11-18 Published:2026-06-18

摘要: 实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化是当前生态文明建设的核心内容。生态学是生态文明建设的重要科学基础,亟待探索如何加强人对自然感知与调控的新途径,从而为实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化贡献新理论和新方法。充分利用现代科技赋能人体感官,生态学正以感知方式现代化的形式快速拓展,为人类深刻感知自然提供了若干新途径,逐步实现学科发展的现代化。基于这一态势,本文认为生态学需要改变当前从自然保护出发的适应性生态系统管理范式,通过建立新的科学方法体系,对人与自然关系进行更加精准的互馈式调控。提出从人体感官满意度出发、以生态系统服务为纽带、综合考虑供需平衡与投入产出,将人体各种感官体验与生态系统各项服务全方位交叉互联,精准调控人与自然关系的和谐式生态系统管理范式。这一新范式的建立既取决于现代科技如何促进生态学的未来发展,又需要从自然科学到社会科学的多学科交叉融合,还有赖于政府部门的广泛实践。

关键词: 人体感官, 现代科技, 生态系统服务, 生态系统管理, 景观生态学, 景感生态学

Abstract: Realizing a modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature is the core content of current ecological civilization construction. Ecology is an important scientific foundation for ecological civilization construction. It is urgent to explore new ways to enhance the perception and regulation of nature, which would contribute new theories and methods to the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. By fully leveraging modern technology to empower human senses, ecology is rapidly expanding in the form of modernized perception methods, providing several new ways for humans to deeply perceive nature and gradually achieving the modernization of the discipline's development. Under such a background, I argued that ecology should change the current adaptive ecosystem management paradigm that starts from nature conservation and establish a new scientific method system to conduct more precise mutual feedback regulation of the relationship between humans and nature. I proposed a harmonious ecosystem management paradigm that starts from human sensory satisfaction, takes ecosystem services as the link, comprehensively considers supply and demand balance and input-output, and fully cross-links various human sensory experiences with various ecosystem services to precisely regulate the harmonious relationship between humans and nature. The establishment of this new paradigm depends on how modern techno-logy promotes the future development of ecology, requires interdisciplinary integration from natural science to social science, and relies on extensive practice by government departments.

Key words: human sensory organ, modern technology, ecosystem services, ecosystem management, landscape ecology, landsense ecology