荆条入侵对辽西北草原土壤团聚体稳定性及抗蚀性的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202606.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来辽西北地区荆条灌木密度逐年增加并入侵至草原地区,加剧草原灌丛化进程。为探究荆条灌丛化对辽西北草原土壤稳定性和抗侵蚀能力的影响,本试验根据荆条入侵程度选取轻度、中度和重度灌丛化草原和无灌丛草原为对象,分析土壤理化性质、团聚体稳定性、土壤可蚀性变化及其影响因素。结果表明:随着灌丛化程度的逐渐加深,土壤孔隙度和土壤有机质显著升高,土壤孔隙度从无灌丛草原的26.0%上升至重度灌丛化草原的45.8%;土壤有机质含量从无灌丛草原的14.89 mg·kg^-1上升至重度灌丛化草原的33.15 mg·kg^-1;土壤团聚体平均重量直径和平均几何直径显著下降,两者分别从无灌丛草原的1.55和1.34 mm下降至重度灌丛化草原的0.92和0.63 mm。重度灌丛化草原的土壤可蚀性因子(K值)较无灌丛草原显著提高93.1%,表明灌丛化减弱了土壤的抗侵蚀能力。结构方程模型分析可知,灌丛化对土壤K值产生显著的直接正向影响,并通过影响土壤有机质含量对K值产生间接影响,进而降低辽西北地区草原土壤的抗侵蚀能力。

关键词: 辽西北地区, 荆条, 灌丛化, 土壤团聚体稳定性, 抗侵蚀能力

Abstract: In recent years, the density of Vitex negundo shrubs in Northwest Liaoning has increased year by year and invaded grassland, aggravating the shrub encroachment. To explore the effects of V. negundo encroachment on soil stability and erosion resistance of grasslands, we selected four grassland types including non-encroached grassland and lightly, moderately and severely encroached grasslands in Northwest Liaoning. We analyzed the changes in soil physicochemical properties, and aggregate stability, as well as soil erodibility and its influencing factors. The results showed that with the intensification of shrub encroachment, soil porosity and soil organic matter increased significantly. They rose from 26.0% and 14.89 mg·kg^-1 in non-encroached grassland to 45.8% and 33.15 mg·kg^-1 in severely encroached grassland, respectively. By contrast, the mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter of soil aggregates decreased markedly, declining from 1.55 mm and 1.34 mm in non-encroached grassland to 0.92 mm and 0.63 mm in severely encroached grassland, respectively. Soil erodibility factor (K value) in severely encroached grasslands was significantly 93.1% higher than that in non-encroached grasslands, indicating that shrub encroachment weakened soil erosion resistance. Structural equation model analysis revealed that shrub encroachment exerted a significant direct positive effect on soil K value, and indirectly affected the K value by regulating soil organic matter content, thereby decreasing soil erosion resistance of grasslands in Northwest Liaoning.

Key words: Northwest Liaoning, Vitex negundo, shrub encroachment, soil aggregate stability, erosion resistance

赵秋实, 李佳欢, 任百慧, 杨季云, 白龙. 荆条入侵对辽西北草原土壤团聚体稳定性及抗蚀性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(6): 1879-1887.

ZHAO Qiushi, LI Jiahuan, REN Baihui, YANG Jiyun, BAI Long. Influence of Vitex negundo encroachment on soil aggregate stability and erosion resistance of grasslands in Northwest Liaoning[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(6): 1879-1887.

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