林龄对鄂中丘陵区马尾松人工林土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202509.004

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 2729-2736.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202509.004

林龄对鄂中丘陵区马尾松人工林土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性的影响

赵海平^1,2, 勾蒙蒙^1,2*, 陈会玲^1,2, 朱粟锋^1,2, 斛如媛^1,2, 刘常富^1,2, 肖文发^1,2

¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所, 国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091;
²湖北秭归三峡库区森林生态系统定位观测研究站, 湖北宜昌 443600

收稿日期:2025-05-25 接受日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2025-09-18 发布日期:2026-04-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: goumm0243@126.com
作者简介:赵海平,男,1999年生,博士研究生。主要从事生态系统服务功能及水土保持研究。E-mail:zhaohaiping1999@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD220040502,2023YFE011280402)

Effects of stand age on soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility in Pinus massoniana plantations in the hilly region of central Hubei Province, China

ZHAO Haiping^1,2, GOU Mengmeng^1,2*, CHEN Huiling^1,2, ZHU Sufeng^1,2, HU Ruyuan^1,2, LIU Changfu^1,2, XIAO Wenfa^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
²Hubei Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Yichang 443600, Hubei, China

Received:2025-05-25 Accepted:2025-07-16 Online:2025-09-18 Published:2026-04-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究土壤团聚体稳定性、土壤可蚀性的变化特征及其驱动因素,可为人工林多功能经营提供科学依据。以湖北省太子山林场幼龄林(8年生)、中龄林(15年生)、近熟林(31年生)、成熟林(40年生)、过熟林(59年生)5个林龄马尾松人工林为对象,采用湿筛法测定0～20 cm土层不同粒径土壤团聚体分布特征,计算平均重量直径、几何平均直径、>0.25 mm粒径水稳性土壤团聚体占比和土壤可蚀性因子等参数,探究林龄对马尾松人工林土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性的影响。结果表明: 不同林龄马尾松人工林土壤团聚体均以大团聚体为主,总占比为71.3%～86.2%。平均重量直径、几何平均直径以及>0.25 mm粒径水稳性土壤团聚体占比均随林龄增加呈先降低后增加的趋势。不同林龄土壤可蚀性因子从大到小依次为近熟林>成熟林>中龄林>幼龄林>过熟林。土壤团聚体稳定性、土壤可蚀性与土壤有机碳、pH、粉粒含量呈显著相关,且土壤有机碳分别解释22.0%、21.5%的土壤团聚体稳定性及土壤可蚀性变异,说明不同林龄土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性与土壤有机碳周转过程密切相关,因此,适当延长轮伐期有助于提高土壤团聚体稳定性,降低土壤可蚀性。

关键词: 马尾松人工林, 林龄, 土壤团聚体稳定性, 土壤可蚀性

Abstract: Understanding the variations of soil aggregate stability, soil erodibility, and their driving mechanisms could provide an essential scientific foundation for the multi-functional management of plantations. With different aged Pinus massoniana (i.e., young plantation, 8 years old; middle-aged plantation, 15 years old; near-mature plantation, 31 years old; mature plantation, 40 years old; over-mature plantation, 59 years old) plantations of Taizishan Forest Farm in Hubei Province, we analyzed the distribution of soil aggregate with different particle sizes for 0-20 cm soil layer by using the wet sieving method, calculated the mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), >0.25 mm proportion of water-stable soil aggregate (R_>0.25) and soil erodibility factor, and assessed the influence of stand age on soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility. The results showed that macroaggregates were dominant across all stand ages of P. massoniana plantations, constituting 71.3% to 86.2%. MWD, GMD, and R_>0.25 first decreased and then increased with stand ages. The soil erodibility factor at different stand ages followed a descending order of near-mature plantation > mature plantation > middle-aged plantation > young plantation > over-mature plantation. Both soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility exhibited significant correlations with soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, and silt content. Specifically, SOC explained 22.0% and 21.5% of the variability in soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility, respectively. These findings suggested that soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility at different stand ages are closely linked to SOC turnover processes. Therefore, appropriately extending the rotation period of P. massoniana may help enhance soil aggregate stability while reduce soil erodibility.

Key words: Pinus massoniana plantation, stand age, soil aggregate stability, soil erodibility

赵海平, 勾蒙蒙, 陈会玲, 朱粟锋, 斛如媛, 刘常富, 肖文发. 林龄对鄂中丘陵区马尾松人工林土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(9): 2729-2736.

ZHAO Haiping, GOU Mengmeng, CHEN Huiling, ZHU Sufeng, HU Ruyuan, LIU Changfu, XIAO Wenfa. Effects of stand age on soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility in Pinus massoniana plantations in the hilly region of central Hubei Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(9): 2729-2736.

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林龄对鄂中丘陵区马尾松人工林土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性的影响

Effects of stand age on soil aggregate stability and soil erodibility in Pinus massoniana plantations in the hilly region of central Hubei Province, China

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