水蚀条件下不同土壤氮素和有机质流失规律

应用生态学报 ›› 2000, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 231-234.

水蚀条件下不同土壤氮素和有机质流失规律

张兴昌, 邵明安

中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨陵712100

收稿日期:1999-04-26 修回日期:1999-07-12 出版日期:2000-03-25
通讯作者: 张兴昌,男,1965年10月生,博士,副研究员,硕士导师,长期从事土壤侵蚀与土壤氮素营养研究工作.E-mail:zhangxc@ms.iswc.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院重大资助项目(KZ951-B1-211);1997年度“西部之光”项目;国家自然科学基金(49871049);国家“九五”科技攻关资助项(96-004-0504)

Soil nitrogen and organic matter losses under water erosion

ZHANG Xingchang, SHAO Mingan

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100

Received:1999-04-26 Revised:1999-07-12 Online:2000-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人工模拟放水冲刷试验研究结果表明,随放水冲刷强度的增大,不同土壤硝态氮、铵态氮、有机质和全氮流失加剧,泥沙全氮和有机质富集程度减少;当给不同土壤施等量的硝酸铵时,发现随径流流失化肥的铵态氮和硝态氮分别占施入量的 0.9%～3.5%和 8.2%～19.7%,硝酸铵主要随径流流失,以泥沙颗粒流失量甚微;土壤侵蚀、有机质和全氮流失量与>20μm团聚体相关系数分别为-0.8935-0.7928和-0.8151,20μm直径的团聚体是区分土壤有机质和全氮流失的标准.

关键词: 土壤类型, 冲刷, 土壤团聚体组成, 化肥氮流失

Abstract: The results of artificial water-scoured experiment show that with the increase of water-scoured intensity,the losses of nitrate and ammonium in runoff,and those of organic matter and total N in sediment increased greatly,while the enrichment ratios of organic matter and total N in sediment reduced correspondingly.When the soils in gully hilly loess region were fertilized with same amount of NH₄NO₃,the ammonium and nitrate loss in runoff was respectively 0.9～3.5% and 8.2～19.7% of the application amount. Nitrate mainly lossed in runoff, not in sediment.The correlation coefficient of soil erosion module,organic matter and total N loss with>20μm soil aggregates was-0.8935,-0.7928 and-0.8151,respectively.The content of>20μm soil aggregates could be used as an index to differentiate the soil organic matter and total N loss.

Key words: Soil types, Water-scoured, Soil aggregate, Fertilizer N loss

张兴昌, 邵明安. 水蚀条件下不同土壤氮素和有机质流失规律[J]. 应用生态学报, 2000, (2): 231-234.

ZHANG Xingchang, SHAO Mingan. Soil nitrogen and organic matter losses under water erosion[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000, (2): 231-234.

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