人为干扰下子午岭次生林土壤生态因子动态变化

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (9): 1586-1590.

人为干扰下子午岭次生林土壤生态因子动态变化

周正朝^1,3, 上官周平^1,2

1. 中国科学院水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌 712100;
2. 西北农林科技大学, 杨凌 712100;
3. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039

收稿日期:2005-04-06 修回日期:2005-05-19 出版日期:2005-09-15 发布日期:2005-09-15
通讯作者: 上官周平,E-mail:shangguan@ms.iswc.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB111502)、国家自然科学基金项目(90102012)、教育部博士点专项科研基金(20030712001)和教育部新世纪人才工程计划资助项目(NCET-04-0955).

Dynamic changes of soil ecological factors in Ziwuling secondary forest area under human disturbance

ZHOU Zhengchao^1,3, SHANGGUAN Zhouping^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China;
2. Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China;
3. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

Received:2005-04-06 Revised:2005-05-19 Online:2005-09-15 Published:2005-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对黄土高原陕西子午岭次生林区不同人为扰动条件下林地土壤容重、有机质、团聚体和微生物等进行了研究.结果表明,人为干扰(砍伐与开垦)对土壤生态因子影响较大,随干扰程度加剧,土壤理化性质变差,土壤有机质由2.2%下降到0.8%.土壤稳定性团聚体减少30%;微生物数量由1×10⁹个·g^-1干土下降到8×10⁷个·g^-1干土,土壤退化严重.在同一干扰类型的土壤剖面上,土壤有机质和土壤微生物随土层深度的增加分别减少了50%和90%,并且在不同干扰强度下变化幅度略有差异.土壤容重由表层的0.9 g·cm^-3增加到1.21 g·cm^-3,呈增大趋势.同一干扰类型土壤理化性质在沟缘线上下存在一定差别,沟缘线以下样地表现出较好的土壤理化性质和较高的微生物量.

关键词: 人为干扰, 土壤性质, 土壤微生物, 次生林地, 黄土高原

Abstract: As a widespread natural phenomenon,disturbance is considered as a discrete event occurred in natural ecosystems at various spatial and temporal scales.The occurrence of disturbance directly affects the structure,function and dynamics of ecosystems.Forest logging and forestland assart,the common human disturbances in forest area,have caused the dynamic changes of forest soil ecological factors in a relatively consistent environment.A study on the dynamics of soil bulk density,soil organic matter,soil microbes and other soil ecological factors under different human disturbance (logging and assart,logging but without assart,control)were conducted in the Ziwuling secondary forest area.The results indicated that human disturbance had a deep impact on the soil ecological factors,with soil physical and chemical properties become bad,soil organic matter decreased from 2.2% to 0.8%,and soil stable aggregates dropped more than 30%.The quantity of soil microbes decreased sharply with enhanced human disturbance.Soil organic matter and soil microbes decreased more than 50% and 90%,respectively,and soil bulk density increased from 0.9 to 1.21 g穋m^-3 with increasing soil depth.Ditch edge level also affected the dynamics of soil factors under the same disturbance,with a better soil ecological condition at low-than at high ditch edge level.

Key words: Human disturbance, Soil property, Soil microbe, Secondary forest area, Loess Plateau

中图分类号:

S154.1

周正朝, 上官周平. 人为干扰下子午岭次生林土壤生态因子动态变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(9): 1586-1590.

ZHOU Zhengchao, SHANGGUAN Zhouping. Dynamic changes of soil ecological factors in Ziwuling secondary forest area under human disturbance[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(9): 1586-1590.

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