冬灌田影响水稻生长期甲烷排放量的因素分析

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (5): 705-709.

冬灌田影响水稻生长期甲烷排放量的因素分析

蔡祖聪¹, 谢德体², 徐华¹, 魏朝富², 高明²

1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008;
2. 西南农业大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400716

收稿日期:2002-05-12 修回日期:2002-08-12 出版日期:2003-05-15
通讯作者: 蔡祖聪
基金资助:
国家杰出青年科学基金(40125004);中国科学院知识创新工程重大资助项目(KZCX1SW0105)

Factors influencing CH₄ emissions from a permanently flooded rice field during rice growing period

CAI Zucong¹, XIE Deti², XU Hua¹, WEI Chaofu², GAO Ming²

1. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
2. Southwest China Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, China

Received:2002-05-12 Revised:2002-08-12 Online:2003-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 冬灌田是CH₄排放量最大的一类稻田.对冬灌田6年(1995～2000年)的测定结果表明,越冬期排干,并种植旱作(小麦或油菜)减少后续水稻生长期CH₄排放量,水稻垄作并降低冬季垄沟水位也可有效地减少水稻生长期的CH₄排放量.对后3年(1998～2000年)不同处理的测定结果分析表明,冬季土壤水分含量与水稻生长期CH₄排放量呈显著正相关,可以预测水稻生长期平均CH₄排放量56%的年际和处理变化.如果同时考虑水稻生长期的土壤温度,则可预测78%的变化.控制渗漏池地下水位,调节冬季土壤水分,进一步证明冬季土壤水分对后续水稻生长期CH₄排放量的影响.由于水稻生长期土壤温度和冬季土壤水分含量与气候因素密切相关,据此,可以认为,冬季降水和水稻生长期温度变化是导致稻田CH₄排放量年际变化的主要因素.

Abstract: Permanently flooded rice fields are the rice fields which emit the largest amount of CH₄ in China. A 6-years (1995～2000) measurement carried out in a permanently flooded rice field in Chongqing, China showed that draining floodwater in winter and planting upland crops,either winter wheat or rape,instead of fallow under flooded conditions not only stopped CH₄ emission during the winter season, but also mitigated CH₄ emission during following rice growing period. CH₄ emission could also be mitigated by ridge cultivation. By using the results obtained from 1998～2000, statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between the mean CH₄ emission over the rice growing period and averaged soil moisture in winter season, which explained 56% of the variation of the CH₄ emissions among the years and treatments. The averaged soil moisture (0～20 cm) in winter season and soil temperature (5 cm) over the rice growing period explained 78% of the variation. The significance of soil moisture in winter season in CH₄ emission during the following rice growing period was further demonstrated by a lysimeter experiment. The relationships implied that the precipitation during non rice growing period, which dominates soil moisture at a large spatial scale, and the soil temperature during the rice growing period would be the main factors controlling the annual variation of CH₄ emissions from rice fields.

中图分类号:

X142

蔡祖聪, 谢德体, 徐华, 魏朝富, 高明. 冬灌田影响水稻生长期甲烷排放量的因素分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (5): 705-709.

CAI Zucong, XIE Deti, XU Hua, WEI Chaofu, GAO Ming. Factors influencing CH₄ emissions from a permanently flooded rice field during rice growing period[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (5): 705-709.

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