Effects of activated coke on soil properties and growth of two plant species in saline alkali soil in northern Shanxi Province, China.

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202105.028

Abstract

Abstract: Solid waste-based improver is one of the effective means to improve properties of saline-alkali soil. As a kind of porous waste, activated coke is expected to improve soil properties and alleviate salt-alkali stress. In order to understand the improvement effect of activated coke on saline alkali land in northern Shanxi Province, we examined the effects of different addition rates of activated coke (CK, 0 g·kg^-1; A₁₀, 10 g·kg^-1; A₂₀, 20 g·kg^-1; A₅₀, 50 g·kg^-1) on the properties of saline alkali soil and the growth of two plant species. The results showed that activated coke addition could increase the content of water soluble soil aggregates, reduce soil salt content, soil pH, and the electrical conductivity (EC). Compared with CK, the mean weight diameters of the aggregates for the saline-alkali soils grown with Puccinellia distans and maize were increased by 5.1%-32.2%, soil pH was decreased by 0.4%-4.1%, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) was decreased by 4.8%-18.7%, and the EC was decreased by 7.4%-8.2%. Applying appropriate amount of activated coke could promote plant growth through reducing the plasma membrane damage of plant cells, increasing plant chlorophyll and Ca²⁺ contents. The biomass of Puccinellia distans and maize both reached the maximum under the A₂₀ treatment. It suggested that the application of 20 g·kg^-1 activated coke (A₂₀) in saline alkali soil could improve soil quality in the rhizosphere soil, increase plant selective Ca²⁺ absorption, thereby reducing salt damage to plant cells and promote plant growth in saline-alkali habitat.

Key words: activated coke, saline-alkali land, maize, Puccinellia distans, aggregate

QIN Wen-fang, SONG Hui-ping, FAN Yuan, CHENG Fang-qin. Effects of activated coke on soil properties and growth of two plant species in saline alkali soil in northern Shanxi Province, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(5): 1799-1806.

References

[1] 胡建华. 浅谈山西北部盐碱地改良利用与造林技术. 内蒙古林业调查设计, 2015, 38(1): 52-53 [Hu J-H. Discussion on the improvement and utilization and afforestation technology of saline-alkali land in northwestern Shanxi. Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design, 2015, 38(1): 52-53]
[2] 郭彩霞, 王永亮, 郭军玲, 等. 内陆盐碱地玉米专用肥研制与应用. 中国科技成果, 2018(10), doi: 10.3772/j.issn.1009-5659.2018.10.001 [Guo C-X, Wang Y-L, Guo J-L, et al. Development and application of special fertilizer for maize in inland saline-alkali soil. Chinese Scientific and Technological Achievements, 2018(10), doi: 10.3772/j.issn.1009-5659.2018.10.001]
[3] 高珊, 杨劲松, 姚荣江, 等. 改良措施对苏北盐渍土盐碱障碍和作物磷素吸收的调控. 土壤学报, 2020, 57(5): 1219-1229 [Gao S, Yang J-S, Yao R-J, et al. Adjustment of improvement measures on saline-alkali barriers and phosphorus uptake of crops in saline soil in northern Jiangsu. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020, 57(5): 1219-1229]
[4] 介明. 盐碱地的危害与改良研究. 绿色科技, 2016(7): 126-128 [Jie M. Study on the harm and improvement of saline alkali land. Green Technology, 2016(7): 126-128]
[5] Rietz DN, Haynes RJ. Effects of irrigation-induced salinity and sodicity on soil microbial activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2003, 35: 845-854
[6] 郭圣浩. 盐碱地改良技术研究现状与新发展. 山西水土保持科技, 2019(4): 4-6 [Guo S-H. Research status and new development of saline alkali soil improvement technology. Shanxi Water and Soil Conservation Science and Technology, 2019(4): 4-6]
[7] 陶宇, 杨佳, 杜长禹, 等. 盐碱地化学改良技术研究. 磷肥与复肥, 2016, 31(8): 50-52 [Tao Y, Yang J, Du C-Y, et al. Study on chemical improvement technology of saline alkali soil. Phosphate Fertilizer and Compound Fertilizer, 2016, 31(8): 50-52]
[8] 岳殷萍, 李虹谕, 张伟华. 脱硫石膏与腐殖酸改良盐碱土的效果研究. 内蒙古科技与经济, 2016(14): 85-87 [Yue Y-P, Li H-Y, Zhang W-H. Effect of desul-furization gypsum and humic acid on saline alkali soil improvement. Inner Mongolia Science and Technology and Economy, 2016(14): 85-87]
[9] 王擎运, 何咏霞, 陈景, 等. 秸秆或粉煤灰添加对砂姜黑土持水性及小麦抗干旱胁迫的影响. 农业工程学报, 2020, 36(2): 95-102 [Wang Q-Y, He Y-X, Chen J, et al. Effects of straw or fly ash addition on water holding capacity of Shajiang black soil and wheat drought resistance. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36(2): 95-102]
[10] 田飞, 张楚涵, 王国强, 等. 生物炭隔盐层在盐碱土淋洗改良中的应用效果. 水土保持学报, 2020, 34(2): 302-308 [Tian F, Zhang C-H, Wang G-Q, et al. Application effect of biochar salt barrier in the improvement of saline-alkali soil by leaching. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 34(2): 302-308]
[11] Sadegh-Zadeh F, Parichehreh M, Jalili B, et al. Rehabilitation of calcareous saline-sodic soil by means of biochars and acidified biochars. Land Degradation and Development, 2018, 29: 3262-3271
[12] 陈盛, 许士洪, 李登新. 活性焦在水处理中的应用研究与进展. 应用化工, 2018, 47(9): 1962-1965 [Chen S, Xu S-H, Li D-X. Application research and progress of activated coke in water treatment. Applied Chemical Industry, 2018, 47(9): 1962-1965]
[13] 安东海, 韩晓林, 程星星, 等. 不同烟气组分对粉状活性焦吸附汞的影响机理. 化工学报, 2019, 70(4): 1575-1582 [An D-H, Han X-L, Cheng X-X, et al. Effect mechanism of different flue gas components on the adsorption of mercury on powdered activated coke. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(4): 1575-1582]
[14] 耿辉, 朱彧, 王志强, 等. 酸雨石等5种常用吸盐材料的盐碱土壤改良效果研究. 世界地质, 2018, 37(3): 967-975 [Geng H, Zhu Y, Wang Z-Q, et al. Improvement effect of five common salt absorbing materials on saline alkali soil. World Geology, 2018, 37(3): 967-975]
[15] 张大伟. 用有机废弃物和活性焦制备沙化退化土壤改良剂的设备. 中国, 201420423324.2015-03-17 [Zhang D-W. Equipment for preparation of sandy soil amendments from organic wastes and activated coke. China, 201420423324.2015-03-17]
[16] 刘咏梅, 程聪, 姜黎, 等. NaCl胁迫下3种柽柳属植物生长,盐离子分布和SOS1基因相对表达量的比较.植物资源与环境学报, 2019, 28(1): 1-9 [Liu Y-M, Cheng C, Jiang L, et al. Comparison of growth, salt ion distribution and relative expression of SOS1 gene of three Tamarix species under NaCl stress. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2019, 28(1): 1-9]
[17] Chang W, Sui X, Fan XX, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis modulates antioxidant response and ion distribution in salt-stressed Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018, 9, doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00652
[18] 陈钰, 郭爱华, 姚延梼. 低温胁迫对杏电解质外渗率的影响. 河南农业科学, 2008(2): 87-89 [Chen Y, Guo A-H, Yao Y-Y. The effect of low temperature stress on the electrolyte leakage rate of apricot. Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2008(2): 87-89]
[19] 李得孝, 郭月霞, 员海燕, 等. 玉米叶绿素含量测定方法研究. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(6): 153-155 [Li D-X, Guo Y-X, Yuan H-Y, et al. Study on the determination method of maize chlorophyll content. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2005, 21(6): 153-155]
[20] 周斌, 栗红, 李小明. 植物样品中盐分离子的几种分析方法比较. 干旱区研究, 2000, 17(3): 37-41 [Zhou B, Li H, Li X-M. Comparison of several analytical methods of salt segregants in plant samples. Arid Zone Research, 2000, 17(3): 37-41]
[21] Haynes RJ. Effect of sample pretreatment on aggregate stability measured by wet sieving or turbidimetry on soils of different croppinghistory. Journal of Soil Science, 1993, 44: 261-270
[22] Yuan F, Shen WY, Cheng F. Reclamation of two saline-sodic soils by the combined use of vinegar residue and silicon-potash fertiliser. Soil Research, 2018, 56: 801-809
[23] 徐志闻, 刘亚斌, 胡夏嵩, 等. 基于水分和原位电导率的西宁盆地盐渍土含盐量估算模型. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(5): 156-162 [Xu Z-W, Liu Y-B, Hu X-S, et al. Estimation model of salt content of saline soil in Xining Basin based on moisture and in-situ conducti-vity. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(5): 156-162]
[24] 肖海, 高峰, 邵艳艳, 等. 土壤原始颗粒对不同破碎机制下团聚体稳定性的影响. 土壤学报, 2021, 58(3), doi: 10.11766/trxb201910150481 [Xiao H, Gao F, Shao Y-Y, et al. Influence of native soil particles on soil aggregate stability relative to breaking-down mechanism. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2021, 58(3), doi: 10.11766/trxb201910150481]
[25] 黄泽, 田福平, 刘玉, 等. 黄土高原不同草地类型对水稳性团聚体粒径分布及稳定性的影响. 草业学报, 2017, 26(11): 216-221 [Huang Z, Tian F-P, Liu Y, et al. Effects of different grassland types on the particle size distribution and stability of water-stable aggregates in the Loess Plateau. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(11): 216-221]
[26] Ataallah1 K, Muhammad N, Goswin H, et al. Biochar effects on soil aggregate properties under no-till maize. Soil Science, 2014, 179: 273-283
[27] 王倩姿, 王玉, 孙志梅, 等. 腐植酸类物质的施用对盐碱地的改良效果. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 152-159 [Wang Q-Z, Wang Y, Sun Z-M, et al. Improvement effect of humic acid on saline soil. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 152-159]
[28] 张媛, 王乃继, 肖翠微, 等. 活性焦低温催化氧化脱硝影响因素及机理. 洁净煤技术, 2018, 24(2): 108-113 [Zhang Y, Wang N-J, Xiao C-W, et al. Influen-cing factors and mechanism of low-temperature catalytic oxidation denitrification of activated coke. Clean Coal Technology, 2018, 24(2): 108-113]
[29] 陈友媛, 王翔宇, 吴海霞, 等. 浒苔生物炭对滨海盐碱土Na⁺的吸附迁移机制研究. 中国海洋大学学报: 自然科学版, 2019, 49(S1): 85-92 [Chen Y-Y, Wang X-Y, Wu H-X, et al. Study on the adsorption and migration mechanism of Enteromorpha biochar on Na⁺ in coastal saline-alkali soil. Journal of Ocean University of China: Natural Science, 2019, 49(S1): 85-92]
[30] 孔祥清, 韦建明, 常国伟, 等. 生物炭对盐碱土理化性质及大豆产量的影响. 大豆科学, 2018, 37(4): 161-165 [Kong X-Q, Wei J-M, Chang G-W, et al. The effect of biochar on the physical and chemical pro-perties of saline-alkali soil and soybean yield. Soybean Science, 2018, 37(4): 161-165]
[31] Soltys-Kalina D, Plich J, Strzelczyk-ZYta D, et al. The effect of drought stress on the leaf relative water content and tuber yield of a half-sib family of ‘Katahdin'-derived potato cultivars. Breeding Science, 2016, 66: 328-331
[32] Acosta-Motos JR, Sara A, Barba-Espín G, et al. Salts and nutrients present in regenerated waters induce changes in water relations, antioxidative metabolism, ion accumulation and restricted ion uptake in Myrtus communis L. plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2014, 85: 41-50
[33] 孙飞, 高继慧, 曲智斌, 等. 碳基材料纳孔空间内SO₂吸附转化机理. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(20): 5979-5988 [Sun F, Gao J-H, Qu Z-B, et al. SO₂ adsorption and transformation mechanism in nanoporous space of carbon-based materials. Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering, 2019, 39(20): 5979-5988]
[34] 毛玉梅, 李小平. 烟气脱硫石膏对滨海滩涂盐碱地的改良效果研究. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(1): 225-231 [Mao Y-M, Li X-P. Effect of FGD gypsum on coastal saline alkali land improvement. China Environmental Science, 2016, 36(1): 225-231]
[35] 申午艳, 冯政君, 秦文芳, 等. 盐碱胁迫下黑麦草生长及离子微区分布特征. 草业学报, 2020, 29(2): 52-63 [Shen W-Y, Feng Z-J, Qin W-F, et al. Growth of ryegrass under salt-alkali stress and characteristics of ion micro-region distribution. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(2): 52-63]
[36] 张圣也, 付东波, 刘慧敏, 等. 土壤中添加生物炭对盐碱胁迫下绿豆生长的影响. 河南农业科学, 2020, 49(2): 68-73 [Zhang S-Y, Fu D-B, Liu H-M, et al. Effects of adding biochar in soil on the growth of mung bean under saline-alkali stress. Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 49(2): 68-73]