Spatial associations between tree regeneration and soil nutrient in secondary Picea forest in Guandi Mountains, Shanxi, China

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202107.006

Abstract

Abstract: According to the technical specifications of CTFS (Center for Tropical Forest Science), 190 sampling points of 4-hm² plot (GDS plot) in Guandi Mountains of Shanxi Province, China were investigated to examine the spatial distribution pattern of seedlings and 14 soil indicators, including pH value and nutrient indicators. We analyzed the spatial associations between tree regeneration and soil nutrients, explored the mechanism of tree regeneration pattern of secon-dary Picea forest. The results showed that more seedlings survived in the patches with low contents of available N, available K, available Cu, available Fe, available Mn, available Ni and available Zn. Besides available K, the negative correlation between the other six soil nutrient factors and the number of regeneration seedlings of the Ⅱ (2.5 cm<GD≤4 cm) and Ⅲ (4 cm<GD≤5 cm) diameter classes with relatively large ground diameter (GD) was higher than that in the Ⅰ diameter class (0 cm<GD≤2.5 cm), indicating that soil nutrients had a greater influence on the distribution of regeneration seedlings in larger diameter class, and that the survival of regeneration seedlings was more dependent on soil condition. The soil of GDS was slightly acidic (5.5<pH<6.8). The increase of soil pH was accompanied by the decrease of available Al content, which was conducive to the regeneration and survival of trees. The total explanation of nine soil factors (including soil available N, available K, available Cu, available Fe, available Mn, available Ni, available Zn, available Al and pH value) on the regeneration and distribution of tree species in GDS plots was 19.7%.

Key words: tree regeneration, soil nutrient, spatial association, secondary Picea forest

LI Jing, ZHOU Duo-duo, CHEN Song, YAN Hai-bing, YANG Xiu-qing. Spatial associations between tree regeneration and soil nutrient in secondary Picea forest in Guandi Mountains, Shanxi, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(7): 2363-2370.

References

[1] 闫海冰, 韩有志, 杨秀清, 等. 华北山地典型天然次生林群落的树种空间分布格局及其关联性. 生态学报, 2010, 30(9): 2311-2321 [Yan H-B, Han Y-Z, Yang X-Q, et al. Spatial distribution patterns and associations of tree species in typical natural secondary mountain forest communities of Northern China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(9): 2311-2321]
[2] 董灵波, 田栋元, 刘兆刚. 大兴安岭次生林空间分布格局及其尺度效应. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1476-1486 [Dong L-B, Tian D-Y, Liu Z-G. Spatial distribution pattern and scale effect of secondary forests in Daxing'anling, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1476-1486]
[3] 姚际托, 陈阳, 肖玖军, 等. 贵州荔波森林景观格局现状与分析. 贵州科学, 2020, 38(3): 42-46 [Yao J-T, Chen Y, Xiao J-J, et al. Present situation and analysis of forest landscape pattern in Libo, Guizhou. Guizhou Science, 2020, 38(3): 42-46]
[4] 高辉, 方江平, 刘丽娟, 等. 西藏原始林芝云杉林的空间结构与环境的关系. 广西师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2020, 38(5): 95-103 [Gao H, Fang J-P, Liu L-J, et al. Relationship between spatial structure and environment of original Picea likiangensis var. linzhiensis forest in Tibet. Journal of Guangxi Normal University: Natural Science, 2020, 38(5): 95-103]
[5] 罗庆辉, 徐泽源, 许仲林. 天山雪岭云杉林生物量估测及空间格局分析. 生态学报, 2020, 40(15): 5288-5297 [Luo Q-H, Xu Z-Y, Xu Z-L. Estimation and spatial pattern analysis of biomass of Picea schrenkiana forests. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(15): 5288-5297]
[6] 贺丹妮, 杨华, 温静, 等. 长白山云冷杉针阔混交林不同林隙下幼苗幼树密度及空间分布. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(6): 1916-1922 [He D-N, Yang H, Wen J, et al. Density and spatial distribution of seedlings and saplings in different gap sizes of a spruce fir mixed stand in Changbai Mountains, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(6): 1916-1922]
[7] 尉文, 闫琰, 刘晓云, 等. 太白山锐齿栎林群落结构特征. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(6): 1923-1932 [Wei W, Yan Y, Liu X-Y, et al. Community structure of Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest in the Taibai Mountain, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(6): 1923-1932]
[8] 王安彬. 帽儿山典型森林群落优势种空间分布格局及其关联性. 山东林业科技, 2020, 50(2): 1-9 [Wang A-B. Spatial distribution pattern and interspecific relationship of dominant species in typical forest community in Mao'er Mountain. Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology, 2020, 50(2): 1-9]
[9] Simon A, Katzensteiner K, Gratzer G. Drivers of forest regeneration patterns in drought prone mixed-species forests in the Northern Calcareous Alps. Forest Ecology and Management, 2019, 453: 117589
[10] Jeronimo SMA, Kane VR, Churchill DJ, et al. Forest structure and pattern vary by climate and landform across active-fire landscapes in the montane Sierra Nevada. Forest Ecology and Management, 2019, 437: 70-86
[11] 韩有志, 王政权. 森林更新与空间异质性. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(5): 615-619 [Han Y-Z, Wang Z-Q. Spatial heterogeneity and forest regeneration. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(5): 615-619]
[12] Nathan R. Long-distance dispersal of plants. Science, 2006, 313: 786-788
[13] Druckenbrod DL, Shugart HH, Davies I. Spatial pattern and process in forest stands within the Virginia Piedmont. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2005, 16: 37-48
[14] Chen SC, Poschlod P, Antonelli A, et al. Trade-off between seed dispersal in space and time. Ecology Letters, 2020, 23: doi: 10.1111/ele.13595
[15] Guittar J, Goldberg DE, Klanderud K, et al. Quanti-fying the roles of seed dispersal, filtering, and climate on regional patterns of grassland biodiversity. Ecology, 2020, 101: e03061
[16] 霍雪莹, 康海斌, 王得祥, 等. 啮齿动物对秦岭松栎混交林建群种种子扩散格局的影响. 生态学报, 2019, 39(7): 2435-2443 [Huo X-Y, Kang H-B, Wang D-X, et al. Effects of rodents on seed dispersal patterns of constructive species in the pine-oak mixed forests of the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(7): 2435-2443]
[17] 曹当当. 南疆几种荒漠植物固沙及种群更新能力研究. 硕士论文. 喀什: 喀什大学, 2020 [Cao D-D. Sand Fixation and Population Regeneration Ability of Several Desert Plants in Southern Xinjiang, China. Master Thesis. Kashgar: Kashgar University, 2020]
[18] 赵秋玲, 杜坤, 裴会明, 等. 小陇山林区庙台槭种子扩散格局及天然更新研究. 林业科技通讯, 2018(8): 3-6 [Zhao Q-L, Du K, Pei H-M, et al. Study on the seed dispersal pattern and natural regeneration of the rare and endangered species of Acer miaotaiense P.C. Tsoong in Xiaolongshan Region. Forest Science and Technology, 2018(8): 3-6]
[19] 高辉, 刘丽娟, 方江平. 建群种更新特征与典型生境异质性的关系——以色季拉山森林群落为例. 湖南师范大学: 自然科学学报, 2020, 43(3): 39-46 [Gao H, Liu L-J, Fang J-P. Relationship between renewal characteristics of constructive species and hete-rogeneity of typical habitats: Taking Sejila forest community as an example. Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University, 2020, 43(3): 39-46]
[20] 郑玉莹. 秦岭松栎混交林建群种更新特征与微生境异质性的关系. 硕士论文. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2018 [Zheng Y-Y. Relationship between Regenerating Characteristics and Microhabitat Heterogeneity of Pine-oak Mixed Forests in Qinling Mountains. Master Thesis. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2018]
[21] 郑云峰, 尹准生, 唐孝甲. 树种天然更新影响因素研究. 华东森林经理, 2020, 34(2): 1-4 [Zheng Y-F, Yin Z-S, Tang X-J. Study on influencing factors of natural regeneration of tree species. East China Forest Mana-gement, 2020, 34(2): 1-4]
[22] 郑金萍, 杨学东, 郭忠玲, 等. 蒙古栎林天然更新状况及影响因素研究. 北华大学学报: 自然科学版, 2015, 16(5): 652-657 [Zheng J-P, Yang X-D, Guo Z-L, et al. Characteristics and influencing factors of natural regeneration of Quercus mongolica forest. Journal of Beihua University: Natural Science, 2015, 16(5): 652-657]
[23] 唐继新, 李忠国, 马跃, 等. 米老排人工林天然更新及影响因子. 南方农业学报, 2020, 51(4): 897-904 [Tang J-X, Li Z-G, Ma Y, et al. Natural regeneration and influencing factors of Mytilaria laosensis plantation. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2020, 51(4): 897-904]
[24] 祝子枭, 刘兆刚, 董灵波, 等. 环境因子对大兴安岭天然落叶松次生林主要树种更新的影响. 东北林业大学学报, 2020, 48(6): 135-141 [Zhu Z-X, Liu Z-G, Dong L-B, et al. Effects of environmental factors on regeneration of major species in larch secondary forest of Daxing'an Mountains. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2020, 48(6): 135-141]
[25] 杨秀清, 史婵, 王旭刚, 等. 关帝山云杉次生林土壤的空间异质性及其与地形相关性. 中国水土保持科学, 2017, 15(4): 16-24 [Yang X-Q, Shi C, Wang X-G, et al. Spatial heterogeneity of soil in the secondary Picea forest of Guandi Mountain and its correlation with topography. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 15(4): 16-24]
[26] 闫海冰, 韩有志, 杨秀清, 等. 关帝山云杉天然更新与土壤有效氮素异质性的空间关联性. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(3): 533-540 [Yan H-B, Han Y-Z, Yang X-Q, et al. Spatial relevance between natural regeneration of Picea and heterogeneity of soil available nitrogen in Guandi Mountain. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010, 21(3): 533-540]
[27] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 第3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 25-239 [Bao S-D. Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis. 3rd Ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000: 25-239]
[28] 杨秀清, 韩有志. 关帝山次生杨桦林种群结构与立木的空间点格局. 西北植物学报, 2010, 30(9): 1895-1901 [Yang X-Q, Han Y-Z. Population structure and spatial point patterns of individuals in natural secondary poplar-birch forest in Guandi Mountain. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2010, 30(9): 1895-1901]
[29] Davis EL, Hager HA, Gedalof Z. Soil properties as constraints to seedling regeneration beyond alpine treelines in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Arctic Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 2018, 50: e1415625
[30] 潘瑞炽. 植物生理学. 第7版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2012: 33-38 [Pan R-C. Plant Physiology. 7th Ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2012: 33-38]
[31] 张晓霞, 李占斌, 李鹏, 等. 黄土高原林地土壤微量元素分布和迁移特征. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2011, 19(suppl.1): 161-169 [Zhang X-X, Li Z-B, Li P, et al. Distribution and migration characteristics of woodland trace elements in loess plateau. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2011, 19(suppl.1): 161-169]
[32] 仝雅娜, 丁贵杰. 铝对植物生长发育及生理活动的影响. 西部林业科学, 2008, 37(4): 56-60 [Tong Y-N, Ding G-J. Influences of aluminum on development and physiological activities of plants. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 2008, 37(4): 56-60]
[33] 王兴灵, 张怡颖, 谷丰, 等. 华北土石山区土地利用类型对土壤有效态微量元素的影响. 草业科学, 2020, 37(7): 1272-1280 [Wang X-L, Zhang Y-Y, Gu F, et al. Effects of land use type on soil available trace elements in the rocky mountain area of north China. Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(7): 1272-1280]
[34] 田沐雨, 于春甲, 汪景宽, 等. 氮添加对草地生态系统土壤pH、磷含量和磷酸酶活性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(9): 2985-2992 [Tian M-Y, Yu C-J, Wang J-K, et al. Effect of nitrogen additions on soil pH, phosphorus contents and phosphatase activities in grassland. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(9): 2985-2992]
[35] 赵维俊, 刘贤德, 金铭, 等. 祁连山青海云杉林土壤有效微量元素含量特征. 土壤通报, 2015, 46(2): 386-391 [Zhao W-J, Liu X-D, Jin M, et al. Characteristics of soil available microelements content of Picea crassifolia forest in the Qilian Mountains. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2015, 46(2): 386-391]
[36] 杨霖, 杨程, 朱同彬, 等. 岩溶区原始林土壤微量元素含量与有效特征. 中国岩溶, 2018, 37(1): 59-66 [Yang L, Yang C, Zhu T-B, et al. Contents and availability of trace elements in soils of natural forests in karst region. Carsologica Sinica, 2018, 37(1): 59-66]
[37] Brian B, James SC. Seedling survival and growth of three forest tree species: The role of spatial heteroge-neity. Ecology, 2003, 84: 1849-1861
[38] 刘奎, 黄宝榴, 陈凯, 等. 望天树天然林幼苗更新及生长与环境因子的关系. 湖南师范大学: 自然科学学报, 2018, 41(4): 47-53 [Liu K, Huang B-L, Chen K, et al. Relationship between seedling regeneration, growth and environmental factors in Parashorea chinensis natural forest. Journal of Natural Science of Hunan Normal University, 2018, 41(4): 47-53]
[39] Fissore C, Dalzell BJ, Berhe AA, et al. Influence of topography on soil organic carbon dynamics in a Southern California grassland. Catena, 2017, 149: 140-149
[40] 欧芷阳, 苏志尧, 彭玉华, 等. 桂西南喀斯特山地蚬木幼龄植株的天然更新. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(9): 2440-2446 [Ou Z-Y, Su Z-Y, Peng Y-H, et al. Natural regeneration of young Excentrodendron hsienmu in karst mountainous region in Southwest Guangxi, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(9): 2440-2446]
[41] Fiona MR, Jan H, Michal B, et al. Where can palatable young trees escape herbivore pressure in a protected forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 2020, 472: doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118221
[42] 刘炜洋, 陈国富, 张彦冬. 不同林分内水曲柳天然更新及影响因子研究. 华东森林经理, 2010, 24(4): 19-23 [Liu W-Y, Chen G-F, Zhang Y-D. Natural regeneration and influencing factors of Fraxinus mandshulica in different forests. East China Forest Management, 2010, 24(4): 19-23]
[43] 陈琤, 张贵文, 陆滢, 等. 模拟升温对滨海湿地盐地碱蓬生物量及其枯落物分解影响的研究. 海洋科学, 2020, 44(2): 66-75 [Chen C, Zhang G-W, Lu Y, et al. Studying and simulating the effects of global warming on Suaeda salsa population growth and its litter decomposition in the coastal wetland of the Laizhou Bay. Marine Sciences, 2020, 44(2): 66-75]