Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer on the yield, quality, and pharmacological activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.024

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, five different organic and chemical fertilizer treatments (100% chemical fertilizers and 14%, 28%, 56%, and 84% organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers) were set up to examine their effects on agronomic characteristics, yield, mineral nutrient absorption and effective component content of Chrysanthemum morifolium. We used the microplate reader and MTT kit to detect the antioxidant activity of C. morifolium water extract under different treatments and its protective effect on LO2 hepatocytes which were damaged by H₂O₂. The results showed that chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could ensure the yield of C. morifolium. Moreover, the yield of C. morifolium increased by 8.3% treated with low proportion of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer (14% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer). The contents of N and Mg elements in C. morifolium flowers showed an upward trend with increased replacement ratio of organic fertilizer, while the contents of Ca and P reached the maximum value when C. morifolium were treated with 56% and 28% organic fertilizer substitution, respectively. In addition, the contents of chlorogenic acid, luteolin and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid in flowers was raised by 3.3%-12.8%, 15.7%-30.1% and 9.5%-29.7%, respectively, when C. morifolium were treated with gradually increasing ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of C. morifolium water extract first increased and then decreased with elevated replacement ratio of organic fertilizer. The C. morifolium water extract could significantly improve the survival rate of H₂O₂-damaged LO2 hepatocytes. The survival rate of H₂O₂-damaged LO2 hepatocytes reached as high as 91.2% treated with C. morifolium water extract under the treatment of 28% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer cultivated C. morifolium, showing a significant increase compared to the model group. Based on the comprehensive indices of yield, nutrient absorption, active ingredient content, antioxidant activity in vitro, the protective effect on H₂O₂-damaged LO2 hepatocytes and the ecological friendly characteristics of organic fertilizer, we suggested that the quality of cultivated C. morifolium was the best under the application of 28% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer.

Key words: Chrysanthemum morifolium, reduction of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, yield, quality, antioxidant activity in vitro, acute liver injury

XU Yang, LIU Yin, PENG Zheng, GUO Lan-ping, LIU Da-hui. Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer on the yield, quality, and pharmacological activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(8): 2800-2808.

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