Effects of biochar application patterns on soil nutrients and nitrogen- and phosphorus-related enzyme activities in Phaeozem and Luvisol

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202108.041

Abstract

Abstract: We investigated the effects of different biochar application patterns on soil nutrient contents and element transformation, with soil samples being collected from two five-year field experiments in Phaeozem and Luvisol amended with biochar at annual low-rate (AL, 22.5 t·hm^-2·a^-1) and intervalic high-rate (IH, 112.5 t·hm^-2·5 a^-1). Changes of soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents as well as the related enzyme activities were measured under different biochar application patterns to provide fundamental information for the straw utilization and soil fertility improvement in agroecosystem. Results showed that total C and organic N contents in AL treatment were significantly higher than those in IH treatment in Phaeozem soil. Compared with the control, the decreases of dehydrogenase activity in AL treatment was more pronounced than that in IH treatment in Phaeozem soil, and the increases of protease activity in IH treatment was pronounced than that in AL treatment in Luvisol. Compared with Luvisol soil, the application of biochar had stronger effect on total soil C and organic N contents in Phaeozem soil. Application of biochar significantly increased the activities of soil dehydrogenase and protease in Luvisol soil, but decreased the activity of soil dehydrogenase. Soil types and biochar application patterns interacted to affect soil C and N contents, microbial metabolic activity, N- and P-related enzyme activities. In summary, soil types and biochar addition affected soil properties and microbial characteristics, which would provide important information for straw application and soil management.

Key words: biochar, soil nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, enzyme activity, soil fertility, application pattern

LIU Xing, WU Guo-hui, ZHANG Yu-lan, XIE Hong-tu, CHEN Zhen-hua, CHEN Li-jun. Effects of biochar application patterns on soil nutrients and nitrogen- and phosphorus-related enzyme activities in Phaeozem and Luvisol[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(8): 2693-2702.

References

[1] Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. Biochar sequestrationin terrestrial ecosystems: A review. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2006, 11: 403-427
[2] Zwieten LV, Kimber S, Morris S, et al. Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility. Plant and Soil, 2010, 327: 235-246
[3] Kuppusamy S, Thavamani P, Megharaj M, et al. Agronomic and remedial benefits and risks of applying biochar to soil: Current knowledge and future research directions. Environment International, 2016, 87: 1-12
[4] Noyce GL, Basiliko N, Fulthorpe R, et al. Soil microbial responses over 2 years following biochar addition to a north temperate forest. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2015, 51: 649-659
[5] Lehmann J, Da Silva JP, Steiner C, et al. Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological Anthrosol and Ferralsol of the Central Amazon basin: Fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments. Plant and Soil, 2003, 249: 343-357
[6] 陈红霞, 杜章留, 郭伟, 等. 施用生物炭对华北平原农田土壤容重、阳离子交换量和颗粒有机质含量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(11): 2930-2934 [Chen H-X, Du Z-L, Guo W, et al. Effects of biochar amendment on cropland soil bulk density, cation exchange capacity, and particulate organic matter content in the North China Plain. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(11): 2930-2934]
[7] Chintala R, Schumacher TE, McDonald LM, et al. Phosphorus sorption and availability from biochars and soil/biochar mixtures. Clean-Soil, Air, Water, 2013, 41: 1-9
[8] Bailey VL, Fanslera SJ, Smithb JL, et al. Reconciling apparent variability in effects of biochar amendment on soil enzyme activities by assay optimization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43: 296-301
[9] 程效义, 兰宇, 任晓峰, 等. 生物炭对连作设施土壤酶活性及黄瓜根系性状的影响. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2017, 48(4): 418-423 [Cheng X-Y, Lan Y, Ren X-F, et al. Effects of biochar on enzymatic activities and root characteristics of cucumber in continuous cropping soil of greenhouse. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2017, 48(4): 418-423]
[10] Elzobair KA, Stromberger ME, Ippolito JA, et al. Contrasting effects of biochar versus manure on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in an Aridisol. Chemosphere, 2016, 142: 145-152
[11] Hamer U, Marschner B, Brodowski S, et al. Interactive priming of black carbon and glucose mineralisation. Organic Geochemistry, 2004, 35: 823-830
[12] 林庆毅, 姜存仓, 张梦阳. 生物炭老化后理化性质及微观结构的表征. 环境化学, 2017, 36(10): 2107-2114 [Lin Q-Y, Jiang C-C, Zhang M-Y. Characterization of the physical and chemical structures of biochar under simulated aging condition. Environmental Chemistry, 2017, 36(10): 2107-2114]
[13] Kuo S. Phosphorus// Sparks DL, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3: Chemical Methods. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 1996: 869-919
[14] Joergensen RG. The fumigation-extraction method to estimate soil microbial biomass: Calibration of the k_EC value. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1996, 28: 25-31
[15] 王开峰, 彭娜, 何江, 等. 污泥生物炭中水溶性有机物的三维荧光光谱特征及其与铜的络合. 环境科学与技术, 2017, 40(10): 151-156 [Wang K-F, Peng N, He J, et al. Characterization of sludge biochar-derived dissolved organic matter using three-dimension EEM fluorescence spectroscopies and its complexation by Cu. Environmental Science and Technology, 2017, 40(10): 151-156]
[16] 鲁如坤. 土壤农化分析. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000 [Lu R-K. Soil and Agrochemistry Analysis. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000]
[17] Tabatabai MA. Soil enzymes// Weaver RW, Angle JS, Bottomley PS, eds. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America: 1994: 775-833
[18] Ladd JN, Bulter JHA. Short-term essay of soil proteoly-tic enzyme activities proteins and dipeptide derivates as substrates. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1972, 4: 19-39
[19] Kandeler E, Gerber H. Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1988, 6: 68-72
[20] Parham J, Deng S. Detection, quantification and cha-racterization of β-glucosaminidase activity in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2000, 32: 1183-1190
[21] Bi J, Zhang N, Liang Y, et al. Interactive effects of water and nitrogen addition on soil microbial communities in a semiarid steppe. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 5: 320-329
[22] Zimmerman AR, Gao B, Ahn MY. Positive and negative carbon mineralization priming effects among a variety of biochar-amended soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43: 1169-1179
[23] Terie A, Sarn PS. Establishing release dynamics for plant nutrients from biochar. GCB Bioenergy, 2013, 5: 221-226
[24] 李焕茹, 朱莹, 田纪辉, 等. 碳氮添加对草地土壤有机碳氮磷含量及相关酶活性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(8): 2470-2476 [Li H-R, Zhu Y, Tian J-H, et al. Effects of carbon and nitrogen additions on soil organic C, N, P contents and their catalyzed enzyme activities in a grassland. Chinese Journal of Applied Eco-logy, 2018, 29(8): 2470-2476]
[25] 徐秋桐, 邱志腾, 章明奎. 生物质炭对不同pH土壤中碳氮磷的转化与形态的影响. 浙江大学学报: 农业与生命科学版, 2014, 40(3): 303-313 [Xu Q-T, Qiu Z-T, Zhang M-K. Effects of biochar application on transformation and chemical forms of C, N and P in soils with different pH. Journal of Zhejiang University: Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2014, 40(3): 303-313]
[26] Wu J, Brookes PC, Jenkinson DS. Formation and destruction of microbial biomass during the decomposition of glucose and ryegrass in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1993, 25: 1435-1441
[27] 田小平, 王磊, 王菡, 等. 秸秆与秸秆生物炭还田对土壤微生物群落结构的影响. 工业微生物, 2017, 47(6): 1-6 [Tian X-P, Wang L, Wang H, et al. Effects of straw and its derived biochar on soil microbial community structure in soil. Industrial Microbiology, 2017, 47(6): 1-6]
[28] 李娜, 范树茂, 陈梦凡, 等. 生物炭与秸秆还田对水稻土碳氮转化及相关酶活性的影响. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2017, 48(4): 431-438 [Li N, Fan S-M, Chen M-F, et al. Effects of biochar and straw returning on paddy soil carbon and nitrogen transformation and soil enzyme activities. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2017, 48(4): 431-438]
[29] Oleszczuk P, Josko I, Futa B, et al. Effect of pesticides on microorganisms, enzymatic activity and plant in biochar-amended soil. Geoderma, 2014, 214: 10-18
[30] 曹婷, 孟军, 兰宇, 等. 稻壳炭对不同土壤磷淋溶的影响. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2017, 48(4): 385-391 [Cao T, Meng J, Lan Y, et al. Effects of rice hull biochar on phosphorus leaching from different types of soil. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2017, 48(4): 385-391]
[31] Kandeler E, Poll C, Frankenberger WT, et al. Nitrogen cycle enzymes// Dick RP, ed. Methods of Soil Enzymology. Madison: Soil Science Society of America, 2011: 211-245
[32] Nannipieri P, Eldor P. The chemical and functional characterization of soil N and its biotic components. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2009, 41: 2357-2369
[33] Dick RP. Soil enzyme activities as indicators of soil quality// Doran JW, Coleman DC, Bezdicek DF, eds. Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 1994: 107-124
[34] Spokas KA, Cantrell KB, Novak JM, et al. Biochar: A synthesis of its agronomic impact beyond carbon sequestration. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2012, 41: 973-989
[35] Margesin R, Schinner F. Phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase, phosphotriesterase, and inorganic pyrophosphatase activities in forest soils in an alpine area: Effect of pH on enzyme activity and extractability. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1994, 18: 320-326
[36] 武玉. 生物炭对土壤中磷的形态转化以及有效性的影响. 硕士论文. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2015 [Wu Y. Effects of Biochar Amendment on Phosphorus Form Transformation and Effectiveness. Master Thesis. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2015]