稳定性氮肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量及N2O和CH4排放的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.026

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 1287-1294.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.026

稳定性氮肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量及N₂O和CH₄排放的影响

武开阔^1,2, 张丽莉^1,3*, 宋玉超^1,3, 李玉华⁴, 宫平^1,3, 武志杰^1,3, 杨立杰^1,2, 李东坡^1,3

¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
³国家土壤养分管理工程实验室, 沈阳 110016;
⁴辽宁省国家新型原材料基地建设工程中心, 沈阳 110032

收稿日期:2018-12-14 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-20
通讯作者: * E-mail: llzhang@iae.ac.cn
作者简介:武开阔,男,1994年生,博士研究生. 主要从事植物营养与肥料研究. E-mail: wukaikuo16@163.com
基金资助:
本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300904,2017YFD0200707)和国家自然科学基金项目(41571290)资助

Effects of stabilized N fertilizer combined with straw returning on rice yield and emission of N₂O and CH₄ in a paddy field

WU Kai-kuo^1,2, ZHANG Li-li^1,3*, SONG Yu-chao^1,3, LI Yu-hua⁴, GONG Ping^1,3, WU Zhi-jie^1,3, YANG Li-jie^1,2, LI Dong-po^1,3

¹Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
³National Engineering Laboratory for Soil Nutrient Management, Shenyang 110016, China;
⁴Liaoning National New Raw Material Base Construction Engineering Center, Shenyang 110032, China

Received:2018-12-14 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-20
Contact: * E-mail: llzhang@iae.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300904, 2017YFD0200707) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41571290).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以中国科学院辽宁沈阳农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站连续两年的试验平台为依托,以潮棕壤为供试土壤,开展了稳定性氮肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量及N₂O和CH₄排放的影响研究,设置对照(CK)、尿素(U)、尿素+脲酶抑制剂+硝化抑制剂(U+I)、秸秆还田(S)、秸秆还田+尿素(S+U)、秸秆还田+尿素+脲酶抑制剂+硝化抑制剂(S+U+I)6个处理.结果表明: 与CK相比,尿素显著提高了水稻产量、N₂O和CH₄累积排放及全球增温潜势.硝化抑制剂和脲酶抑制剂与尿素配施可显著减缓N₂O的累积排放.秸秆还田显著增加了N₂O和CH₄累积排放、全球增温潜势和温室气体排放强度.S+U+I处理水稻产量最高,但温室气体排放强度也显著高于其他处理;U+I处理产量略低于S+U+I,但温室气体排放强度最小.秸秆单独还田处理作物产量与对照相比无显著差异.在东北潮棕壤发育的水田中,S+U+I和U+I是相对较优的施肥模式.

关键词: 秸秆还田, CH₄排放, 水稻, 稳定性氮肥, 产量, N₂O排放

Abstract: Based on a two-year field experiment located at Shenyang Applied Ecological Experiment Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences, we examined the effects of stabilized N fertilizer combined with straw returning on rice yield and emission of N₂O and CH₄ in aquic brown soil. Six treatments were set up, i.e. control (CK), urea(U), urea+urease inhibitor+nitrification inhibitor (U+I), straw (S), straw+urea (S+U), straw+urea+ urease inhibitor+nitrification inhibitor (S+U+I). The results showed that urea application increased rice yield, cumulative N₂O and CH₄ emission, and global warming potential. The treatment of U+I significantly mitigated cumulative N₂O emission. Returning rice straw to the field significantly increased cumulative N₂O emission, cumulative CH₄ emission, global warming potential, and greenhouse gas emission intensity. The S+U+I treatment had the highest rice yield and greenhouse gas emission intensity. U+I treatment had the the second highest rice yield and the lowest greenhouse gas emission intensity. Rice yield in the S treatment showed no significant difference with CK. Our results indicated that S+U+I and U+I are relatively better agricultural strategies compared with other treatments in paddy fields on aquic soil.

Key words: CH₄ emission, rice, straw returning, N₂O emission, stabilized fertilizer, yield

武开阔, 张丽莉, 宋玉超, 李玉华, 宫平, 武志杰, 杨立杰, 李东坡. 稳定性氮肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量及N₂O和CH₄排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 1287-1294.

WU Kai-kuo, ZHANG Li-li, SONG Yu-chao, LI Yu-hua, GONG Ping, WU Zhi-jie, YANG Li-jie, LI Dong-po. Effects of stabilized N fertilizer combined with straw returning on rice yield and emission of N₂O and CH₄ in a paddy field[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 1287-1294.

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稳定性氮肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量及N₂O和CH₄排放的影响

Effects of stabilized N fertilizer combined with straw returning on rice yield and emission of N₂O and CH₄ in a paddy field

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